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In what range does digital television broadcast. How to locate a TV tower

First digital multiplex (RTRS-1)

The first digital multiplex or the first package of digital channels of the Russian television and radio broadcasting network (RTRS-1) is a package of all-Russian, publicly available and free for the population of television and radio resources.

The list of all-Russian channels, which should be available throughout the country, was approved by the decree of the President of Russia "On all-Russian compulsory public television channels and radio channels" on June 24, 2009. The decree noted that the list of channels was compiled to preserve the general information space Russia, as well as to provide citizens of the country with socially significant information. The law emphasizes that all radio and television channels from this list should be available to all Russians completely free of charge.

The State Commission on Radio Frequencies approved the RTRS-1 frequency-territorial plan in 2009. The broadcasting of the digital package in Russia is carried out in the decimeter range from 470 to 862 MHz.

In 2012, the Russian government determined that the optimal broadcasting standard for the RTRS-1 digital package is DVB-T2, the format is SDTV standard definition. It should be noted that before 2012, some regions had already been transferred to digital broadcasting, but in a different format. As a result, it was decided to transfer all subjects of Russia to one DVB-T2 standard.

The terrestrial digital package is broadcast free of charge, it cannot be encrypted, because the multiplex must be available to everyone.

For commercial or non-terrestrial broadcasting, the concept of RTRS-1 is not defined, however, the law states that all operators are obliged to broadcast publicly available channels in their networks at their own expense without making any changes to them.

In Moscow, the first multiplex is broadcast on 30 TVKs at a frequency of 546 MHz in the DVB-T2 standard.

№	Name	Format	Frequency in Moscow time	Owner
1	First channel	16:9	546 MHz	OJSC "Channel One"
2	Russia 1	4:3
3	16:9	JSC "Gazprom-Media Holding"
4	NTV	16:9		OJSC "Telekompaniya NTV"
5	Fifth channel	4:3		OJSC "TV and Radio Company" Petersburg ""
6	Russia-K	4:3		FSUE "All-Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company"
7	Russia 24	16:9		FSUE "All-Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company"
8	Carousel	4:3		ZAO Karusel (Federal State Unitary Enterprise All-Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company and OAO Channel One)
9	Russian public television	16:9		ANO "Public Television of Russia"
10	TV Center	16:9		OJSC "TV Center" TV company

Second multiplex digital television Russia (RTRS-2)

The second digital multiplex or the second package of digital channels of the Russian television and radio broadcasting network (RTRS-2) is the next package of all-Russian, but not mandatory, digital TV channels. The list of channels of the second package was compiled following the results of the Roskomnadzor competition. If the TV resources of the first RTRS-1 are obligatory for distribution in all networks free of charge, then commercial operators decide on their own whether to distribute the second package for free.

In 2009, the State Commission on Radio Frequencies assigned the decimeter range from 470 to 862 MHz to the second digital TV package. Broadcasting is carried out by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise RTRS, the standard is DVB-T2, the format is standard definition SDTV.

The second multiplex, like the first, is distributed free of charge and its signal is not encrypted either. All channels of the second package are known to subscribers of satellite, cable and IP-television. The channels did not receive any particular advantages when they were included in the RTRS-2 list, since these resources are not mandatory. In addition, analog broadcasting of most of these resources is already present on the air in large cities. Operators provide subscribers with access to these channels in the cheapest package for a monthly fee or free of charge.

In Moscow, the second multiplex is broadcast on 24 TVKs at a frequency of 498 MHz in the DVB-T2 standard.

№	Name	Format	Frequency	Owner
1	REN TV	16:9	498MHz	LLC "Accept"
2	Saved	4:3		Financial and Economic Department of the Russian Orthodox Church and LLC "SPAS - Media"
3	STS	4:3		CJSC "Network of Television Stations"
4	Home	4:3		CJSC "New Channel"
5	TV-3	4:3		LLC "Profmedia TV"
6	Friday!	4:3		LLC "Profmedia TV"
7	Star	16:9		JSC "TRK RF Armed Forces" Zvezda "
8	Peace	16:9		Mir Interstate Television and Radio Company CJSC
9	TNT	4:3		OJSC "TNT-Teleset"
10	Muz TV	4:3		LLC "Muz TV Operating Company"

The third multiplex of digital television in Russia

The third digital multiplex is only a planned package, which will include federal and regional TV channels. The decree on the formation of RTRS-3 was signed by the President of Russia in 2013.

Currently, the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation.

So, if you are interested in the topic of digital terrestrial television then most likely you want to know what channels you will get if you connect it yourself. I'm right? Then read on) maybe you don't need it?

What are digital TV multiplexes

Today in Russia in DVB T2 format broadcasting 20 channels... They are divided into two packages, these are the so-called multiplexes... Both packages are free to watch, there is no subscription fee. You just need to have a TV that accepts a DVB T2 signal and.

This is what digital is broadcasting in Russia

First ten channels (First multiplex)

The first package, or the first multiplex, is general information, news and development channels (boring things). Here is a list of digital television channels of the first multiplex:

First channel
Russia 1
Russia 2 Match TV - channel with sports broadcasts
Fifth channel
Russia "Culture"
Russia 24
Carousel - children's channel, cartoons, programs for children
OTR - Public Television of Russia

The first multiplex works wherever digital television is available.

It was not in vain that I wrote the publication time of the article. The fact is that sometimes the composition of the channels changes, based on a competition held by the state every year. So in 2016, that could change.

Just recently, the second multiplex was replaced and "Sport +" was replaced by the entertainment channel "Friday" ... Also, the channel "Russia - 2" in the first multiplex was replaced by Match TV.

Third channel package (Third multiplex)

And yet, they promise a third multiplex, only it will already be with a monthly fee. So I don't think he will be wildly popular. Since, as soon as the on-air "digital" becomes paid, it will be easier to stretch a cable with 40+ channels for 120 rubles. per month.

And here is what they write about the project about this:

It is still too early to talk about the exact date of the start of broadcasting of the third (regional) multiplex. To begin with, the principles for the formation of a regional multiplex at the government level should be determined, after which competitions will be organized to determine the channels participating in the third multiplex. Only after the composition of the third digital package becomes known, RTRS will be able to start broadcasting it. Note that this fall, the Government Commission for the Development of Television and Radio Broadcasting postponed consideration of the issue of the principles for the formation of the third multiplex until 2018.

In Russia, free digital channels provide an extensive list of programs for the widest audience. Digital television is striding across the country by leaps and bounds, offering a completely different level of television broadcasting. Now in Moscow and the Moscow region, connection to terrestrial TV is not difficult and is available to all subscribers, regardless of their location. The quality of the transmitting signal today has no analogues in terms of purity, crystal clarity, impeccable sound and image. Clients are offered a rather impressive list of terrestrial channels broadcasting at certain frequencies and corresponding numbers. All of them are broadcast in free mode, you just need to make a professional installation special equipment with specific technical requirements.

Second multiplex
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - STS
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - TNT
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - Sport plus
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - Star
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - Ren TV
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - Spas
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - Home
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - TV 3
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - WORLD
TVK 24 (498 MHz) - Muz TV

To gain access to terrestrial television, you need to set up modern equipment, which includes a UHF range antenna and a digital receiving TV with a DVB-T2 tuner. This is worth paying special attention to, since the old-fashioned DVB-T tuner will not fit. The characteristics of the antenna are taken into account individually on the spot by the master TV installer. As a result, subscribers will be able to broadcast multichannel at several frequencies with exemplary quality. The state target program implies the transition to the broadcasting of terrestrial channels not only in Moscow, but also in other regional centers almost completely by the end of 2015. Regardless of the distance of the receiving device, the signal is clean, unlike analog TV, it does not lose quality at all during transmission over long distances.

Terrestrial channels in Moscow and the Moscow region

The list of broadcast packages is constantly growing, giving subscribers more expansion benefits information services... The population of the Moscow region is provided with free digital channels showing educational, intellectual, entertainment programs, as well as the most interesting for fans of sports, cinema and music. Open television channels touch upon both issues of national importance and regional problems, allowing the viewer to always be in the center of the events taking place. Thus, the problem of digital inequality is solved in the most optimal way, providing quality services to all segments of the population. It is enough to correctly configure the usual

With the advent of the era of digital terrestrial television, many cable and satellite subscribers began to think more and more about connecting free broadcasting... Indeed, according to the FTP, on the development of the digital broadcasting network, in open access will appear more than twenty television channels in excellent quality absolutely free. Which includes the compulsory federal television channels.

The question arises - how to connect digital terrestrial television at home?

This is not difficult. To receive digital terrestrial television, you will need any subscriber equipment of the standard DVB-T2 / MPEG-4 with mode support Multiple PLP and decimeter antenna ( UHF) range. The antenna can be either collective (installed on the house, it is also called common in the house) or individual, installed directly in your house or apartment. Depending on the distance to the transmitting center, it is necessary to select the desired antenna. They are divided into active (with an amplifier) and passive. When buying an antenna, you can first check the power of the transmitting equipment installed in your region and the distance to the transmitting center. Based on the data received, select an antenna.

Approximate coverage radius of transmitting stations:
10 watts- about 3 km;
50 watts- about 5 km;
100 watts- about 15 km;
500 watts- about 25 km;
1 kW- about 30-35 km;
2 kW- about 35-40 km;
5 kW- about 40 - 50 km.

Let's go directly to the equipment for receiving. There are three main groups: TVs with a built-in DVB-T2 tuner, set-top boxes of the same standard and digital computer DVB-T2 tuners. Their setup is similar, if not the same.

Check if your TV can receive a DVB-T2 signal

Video: how to set up digital terrestrial television DVB-T2

It is best to connect a digital terrestrial set-top box according to the manufacturer's instructions, it is almost impossible to make a mistake there. Also, you can see official video from RTRS:

Several recommendations, also from RTRS:
plug in the plug antenna cable and, if necessary, digital set-top box to the TV;
connect autosearch of channels - the TV will tune to the corresponding digital terrestrial channel, when tuning to a channel in manual mode it is necessary to indicate the frequency of the channel (for example, 35 TV channel, 685 MHz);
in most digital TVs(and in the set-top boxes) there is a built-in indicator of the level and quality of the signal, which will allow you to optimally tune your antenna to receive a digital terrestrial signal (see the operating instructions for the TV).

On TVs with a built-in DVB-T2 tuner, all manipulations are carried out through the TV menu. Difficulties should not arise there either.

We recommend updating the software of your subscriber equipment to the most current one. This can be done in specialized services, or on your own (if you are confident in your abilities). Software can usually be downloaded from the official websites of the manufacturer.

Frequencies of digital channels DVB-T2:

21st television channel- receiving frequency 474 MHz;
22nd television channel- receiving frequency 482 MHz;
23rd television channel- receiving frequency 490 MHz;
24th television channel- receiving frequency 498 MHz;
25th television channel- receiving frequency 506 MHz;
26th television channel- receiving frequency 514 MHz;
27th television channel- receiving frequency 522 MHz;
28th television channel- receiving frequency 530 MHz;
29th television channel- receiving frequency 538 MHz;
30th television channel- receiving frequency 546 MHz;
31st television channel- receiving frequency 554 MHz;
32nd television channel- receiving frequency 562 MHz;
33rd television channel- receiving frequency 570 MHz;
34th television channel- receiving frequency 578 MHz;
35th television channel- receiving frequency 586 MHz;
36th television channel- receiving frequency 594 MHz;
37th television channel- receiving frequency 602 MHz;
38th television channel- receiving frequency 610 MHz;
39th television channel- receiving frequency 618 MHz;
40th television channel- receiving frequency 626 MHz;
41st television channel- receiving frequency 634 MHz;
42nd television channel- receiving frequency 642 MHz;
43rd television channel- receiving frequency 650 MHz;
44th television channel- receiving frequency 658 MHz;
45th television channel- receiving frequency 666 MHz;
46th television channel- receiving frequency 674 MHz;
47th television channel- receiving frequency 682 MHz;
48th television channel- receiving frequency 690 MHz;
49th television channel- receiving frequency 698 MHz;
50th television channel- receiving frequency 706 MHz;
51st television channel- receiving frequency 714 MHz;
52nd television channel- receiving frequency 722 MHz;
53rd television channel- receiving frequency 730 MHz;
54th television channel- receiving frequency 738 MHz;
55th television channel- receiving frequency 746 MHz;
56th television channel- receiving frequency 754 MHz;
57th television channel- receiving frequency 762 MHz;
58th television channel- receiving frequency 770 MHz;
59th television channel- receiving frequency 778 MHz;
60th television channel- receiving frequency 786 MHz;
61st television channel- receiving frequency 794 MHz;
62nd television channel- receiving frequency 802 MHz;
63rd television channel- receiving frequency 810 MHz;
64th television channel- receiving frequency 818 MHz;
65th television channel- receiving frequency 826 MHz;
66th television channel- receiving frequency 834 MHz;
67th television channel- receiving frequency 842 MHz;
68th television channel- receiving frequency 850 MHz;
69th television channel- receiving frequency 858 MHz.