Practical work in the LibreOffice Calc environment. Methodical guidelines for practical work "Table Processor LibreOffice Calc

Moscow Department of Education

State educational institution

Secondary vocational education

College of Entrepreneurship №15

Methodical instructions

To practical work

"Libreo FFICE C ALC table processor.

Work in table processor libreo.fFICE c.aLC »

by disciplines: "Informatics and ICT"

"Computer science"

"Informatics and ICT in professional activity"

for specialties: 080114 "Economics and Accounting"

101401 "Tourism"

101101 "Hotel service"

120714 "Land and property relations"

230401 « Information Systems»

080110 "Economy and Accounting"

080501 "Management"

080114 »

Moscow, 2011.

Methodical instructions contain species to practical work.in disciplines: "Informatics and ICT", "Informatics", "Informatics and ICTs in professional activities" for specialties: 080114 "Economics and Accounting",101401 "Tourism", 101101 "Hotel service",120714 "Land and property relations",230401 "Information Systems", 080110 "Economics and Accounting", 080501 "Management",080114 "Land and property relations» . This methodological manual contains instructions to practical work on the section "Technologies for creating and converting information objects"(Informatics and ICT),"Applied software" (Computer science), "Information processes and information society. Information processing technology "(computer science and ICT in professional activity)studied byII., II., I.I. semesters, respectively.

© GOU SPO "College of Entrepreneurship №15"

Table of contents

Explanatory note

Libreoffice.org. - Free alternative to Microsoft Office Office Applications. LibreOffice - New name OpenOffice.org

One of the extreme positive quality - Ability to work all these applications with relevant documents of MS Office formats.

Structure Libreoffice.org. Includes six component programs:

text editor and Writer Web Pages Editor;

cALC spreadsheet editor;

to create and demonstrate Impress presentations;

dRAW vector editor;

base database management system;

editor to create and edit the MATH formula.

All components are integrated into the general nucleus and, thus, have good compatibility with each other. The functionality of all components provides all the necessary tools and allows you to solve the main tasks of the user. To store work results, the ODF file format is used (ISO / IEC 26300: 2006), based on XML and received the status of an international standard.

Maintenance features Libreoffice.org.LibreOffice.org has nearby interesting features, partially or completely absent in other office packages:

Cross-platform.

Currently libreoffice.org can be used on all popular platforms: Linux (on 32- and 64-bit systems), Windows (2000 and later), MacOS, FreeBSD and Solaris.

Tools facilitating the creation, editing and document management:

Gallery to insert images;

Navigator for moving according to the document and search;

Stylist to create, edit and control document formatting styles;

Data sources to import data from databases or spreadsheets.

Support MS Office formats.

You can easily open and save documents in MS Office formats 97-2003. Also supported on Office OpenXML file format (MS Office 2007).

Export to PDF.

Exports to this format is supported from all components (except Base). If there is a special expansion, you can also import PDF in LibreOffice.org Draw.

Expansion support.

LibreOffice.org provides the ability to develop independent third-party extensions providing an additional functionality to the end user. Extensions are easily installed and removed.

For the LibreOffice.org package, the Java (JRE) environment must be installed on the computer.

Year of release: 2011.

File size: 189 MB.

Activation | Reg Code: Does not require.

Interface language: Russian + English.

Platform / OS: Win XP, Vista, 7.

General information about books and sheets of the CALC spreadsheet

The CALC module is an electronic table system. The spreadsheets are posted in the book that in CALC is a file used to process and store data. Each book can consist of several sheets, so in one file you can put a variety of information and establish the necessary connections between them.

The basis of the book is work sheet - Space for data storage, divided into cells. In the usual understanding, this table, strings and columns of which constitute the structure of the working sheet. The columns are referred to as Latin letters from A, B, C, etc., further with the combinations of letters from AA to amj, and the rows are numbered from 1 to 65536, i.e. 108864 cells.

Most often, Calc users have to deal with workbook files having type.ods and templates.ot.

View of the working sheet of the spreadsheet

Operations with workbook sheets.

With the sheets of the current book you can work as with other CALC objects using

teams menu Edit, Insert, Format or context menu Their labels.

Books books can be given names Using the context menu, or through commands Format sheet-rename.

The sheets of the book can be delete According to the contextual team Deletewhen you click on the sheet label.

Add Sheets in the book can be through the command Insert sheet, either through context menu.

Highlight All sheets in the book allows the team Select all The context menu, the selection of sheets of sheets by pressing the key allows you to select a few in a row, when pressed - several rules.

Hide and display columns, lines, sheets

Sometimes you have to hide some columns and / or lines, sheets. For example, when printing, sometimes there is no need to output all the information that is contained in the table. Columns and lines that do not need to print can be temporarily removed from the screen. They will not be visible and will not be displayed (the printed document looks the same as it is displayed on the screen).

Hiding strings and columns does not affect the values \u200b\u200bcalculated in the formulas.

To hide columns / lines:

1. Highlight the string (rows) or column (columns).

2. Right-click on the column header or the line number you want to hide.

3. In the context menu that appears, select the command Hide.

A column or string is hidden if the header of the column or line number is not visible on the screen.

To hide sheetSelect the desired list, select the command Format-sheet-hide.

Hidden rows and columns You can easily again displayon the screen, if you need to change the data that contains them.

1. Highlight the columns surrounding the hidden column, or strings surrounding the hidden string.

2. Right-click on one of the selected columns or lines. In the context menu that appears, select the command Show.

Similarly, it is possible display sheets Books using the team: Format sheet-show.

Creating and using template for new books

If during the work of the user you have to create the same type of documents, then the template should be used to accelerate the work. When creating a new book based on the template, changes will immediately be made in accordance with the information contained in the template. To create template:

1. Create a book containing sheets, standard text (for example, page headers, row and column signatures), formulas, macros, styles, and other formatting elements that should be in a template based books.

2. Select the command File-templates-save.

3. Specify the name and folder in which you want to save the template. To use a template to create new books, it must be saved in the My Templates folder.

Another way to save the table as a template is the execution of the command. File-Save As well as the choice in the Save dialog box, the Pattern Pattern File Type (* .ots).

To use template To create a document:

1) Select from the main menu item File-Create-Templates and documents. The Templates and Documents dialog box will be opened.

2) In the left window, click on the Templates icon if it is not yet selected. A list of folders appears in the central block.

3) Click twice on the folder containing the desired template.

In the central block, a list of all templates located in this folder will appear.

4) Click the template you want to use. You can view your chosen pattern or view its properties. To view the template, click the Preview icon to view its properties - on the document properties icon. Template properties and preview of the template are displayed in the right block.

5) Click on the button Open. A new document will be created, based on the selected template, which can then edit and save this new document as usual.

Protection of books, sheets and cells.

CALC provides for the restriction of the rights of other users regarding the use of books you have created by setting the password protection to open the file. To do this, select the command File-Save As in the opening dialog window that opens, click on the Save with Password checkbox.

Password protected fileOpens the same as any other file. However, before the book is displayed, Calc will ask you to enter the password that has been assigned to the file. If you forget the password, you will not be able to open the book.

Calc provides several features to limit data access in your documents.

Can protect from viewing and changing columns, strings, formulas on sheet. It is recommended to set the protection mode in such a way as to allow access only to some cells and ranges, and then protect the entire work sheet. It is important to take into account that the protection of the cells will be activated only after turning on the protection of the sheet and document.

1. Select cells and ranges that need to be discovered. Data in these cells and ranges can be changed.

2. Select the command Format cell ...either in context menu Cell format And in the dialog box that opens, click the Cell Protection tab.

3. After removing / installing the flags, the protected and / or hide formulas click on the OK button.

Can restrict other users access To separate working sheets of the CALC book. At the same time, they will still be able to open the book file and make changes to unprotected sheets.

1. Go to the workbaster to be protected. Select Team Service-protect Document list.

2. Enter the password in the sheet dialog box (remember that capital and lowercase letters differ).

3. Repeat the password in the Password Confirm field and click on the OK button.

4. To disable sheet protection, select the command Service protectiondocument, click on the Leaf Team ...

Comment. Do not forget passwords. If you have turned on sheet protection, write down the password and keep it in a safe place. Without a password, you yourself will not be able to open and edit the work leaf.

Entering data and formulas in spreadsheet

In the table cells, text, numbers, dates and formulas can be located.

In the cell itself, only part of the characters will be displayed on the sheet, and the remaining characters will be visible in the input field on the formula row.

Entering text

In Calc. text It is any sequence consisting of numbers, spaces and non-evil characters, for example, the following entries are interpreted as text: 10AA109, 127AXY, 12-976, 208 4675.

By default, the text is leveled on the left edge of the cell.

To display the entire text in the cell that occupies several lines, check the box. Transfer according to(or Tolerate by syllables) On the Alignment tab of the context menu, the cell format.

Comment. To enter a number into a cell in an informat form (for example, starting with 0), you need to set the cell format via the command format on the number tab in the category Text parameter group.

Input of numbers

The numbers are entered using the top row of the keyboard or numeric keypad. To enter a negative number, a hyphen is used. A comma applied as a decimal separator. If you enter 0 or + before the number, then CALC will remove it. By default, numbers are aligned on the right edge of the cell.

In Calc, a number may consist of only the following symbols: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + - (), / $%. All other combinations of keys consisting of numbers and non-evil characters are treated as text.

Enter dates and time days

The date and time is introduced using numbers (18.11.08) and text (18. November.08).

The dot, colon, slash (/) or hyphen (-) is used as a separator.

The external presentation of time or date on the sheet depends on the numerical format assigned to the cell (cell format).

Enter formula

Formulain the Table CALC processor, this is a set of values, references to other cells, functions and operators, allowing to obtain new values \u200b\u200bfrom existing.

The formula always starts from the sign \u003d.

To enter the formula, select the cell in which you want to enter the formula, enter \u003d (equal sign) and write down the formula.

If you click Functionor Master of FunctionsThe cell is automatically inserted into the cell.

Use of funds accelerating data entry

Type of autofile marker

Using dragging auto-complete markercells can be copied to other cells of the same line or the same column.

If the cell contains a number, date or period of time, which can be part of a number, then when copying it is increasing its value (it turns out an arithmetic or geometric progression, dates list).

For creating arithmetic progression You can enter the necessary numbers into two adjacent cells, select the cells and with the help of the filling marker, disseminate the progression of the desired number of cells.

Also for the task arithmetic progression Enter the initial value of the generated range of progression into the first range of the range, highlight the range of cells in which arithmetic progression will be located, use the command Edit-fill rowsactivate item Arithmetic growthand in the grade Increment

For creating geometric progression Enter the initial value of the created range of the progression into the first range of the range, highlight the range of cells in which geometric progression will be located, use the command Edit-fill rowsactivate item Geometric growthand in the grade Incrementset the number to which each step will increase the value in the previous cell.

Similarly, the sequence of the month, working days is also set.

Using Auto Plant when entering

Team Service Parameters Auto Replace It is designed to automatically replace one specified symbol combinations to others during the input process.

Automotive information entered

When entering frequently repetitive words, the CALC program offers the completion of the word called. If the continuation of the word suits you, press the key and it will be automatically completed.

Avtovo

Designed for 2000 cells or 200 lines. To configure data auto, use the command Service-content cells - auto.When you enter into the cell of the desired text, press, to view other options, use the key.

Selection, Copy, Move and Delete Data

Selecting cells, rows, columns are used to enter, copy, move and delete data, placement of links to cells in the formulas and windows of the dialogue.

To select cells, set the cursor to the desired position and select the adjacent cells using the left mouse button.

To select the range of cells, Install the cursor in the upper left corner of the range by holding the key, set the cursor to the lower right range of the range. The cells of the cells between these positions will be highlighted.

To select unbendable cells, Start the selection of the desired cells when the key is pressed.

To highlight a string / column, Install the cursor to the line number / column name.

To select multiple adjacent lines / columns, set the cursor to the line number / name of the range of the range of the range by holding the key, move the cursor to the line number / the name of the end of the range of the Range.

To select unless lines / columns, Start the selection of the desired rows / columns when the key is pressed.

To select all sheet cellsApply the command Edit-allocate allor key combination<Ctrl + A\u003e.

To copy the data Copy, then Insert Edit-copyand Edit-insertor key combinations<Ctrl + Insert\u003eor<Ctrl + C\u003e(for copy) and<SHIFT + INSERT\u003eor<Ctrl + V\u003e

To move the data from the cell / string / column, you need to highlight the necessary item and on the context menu by pressing the right mouse button to select the item Cut, then Insert, Moving the cursor and highlight the place you want to insert. You can also use the menu commands. Edit-cutand Edit-insertor key combinations<SHIFT + DELETE\u003e or(for cutting) and<SHIFT + INSERT\u003eor<Ctrl + V\u003e(To insert), or corresponding buttons on the toolbar.

Comment.The data that was copied can be inserted into a new place on a sheet with specific parameters. To do this, when inserting the copied data, use the command Insert like.In the dialog box that opens, you can select the desired insert parameters. In the same window you can set transposingcells, i.e., change the location of the data in them from the horizontal to the vertical and vice versa. If the range of cells, a string or column you need to insert with cell shift, you can set the parameter Move cellsin accordance with the desired location.

To combine cells, strings, columns, It is necessary to highlight the required number of objects, then select the tab Format-combine cells-combine cells

To split cells, strings, columns, you need to choose the previously combined object, then select the tab Format-combine cells- split cellsor through the corresponding button on the formatting panel.

Formatting of cells, rows and columns

Changing the format of cells

The cell is a fundamental building brick of the entire CALC spreadsheet. Dialog window Format cellsis the key to all changes in the appearance of the cell. To open this dialog box, you must first select the desired cell (or the range of cells), and then execute one of the following:

Select a command Format cell ().

Right-click on the selected cells and select the paragraph from the menu Format cells.

Cell format window

On the presented tabs, you can specify various parameters of the display of cells and data in them.

Number tab. Allows you to set the display format numbers - the number of semicolons, the display of the number in the form of interest, date, time, etc.

Numeric format- for the main display of numbers. In its settings, you can specify the number of displayed semicolons displayed, the use of separator of discharge groups, as well as a method of mapping negative numbers.

Percentage format- To display the number with the percent sign.

Money format- to designate monetary values. At the same time, the monetary unit symbol is displayed next to the value. The default monetary format is determined by the regional parameters of the operating system.

Date format- To display the date in the form of a number (according to the type and language - location).

Time format- To display time in the form of a number (according to the type and language - location).

Scientific format- To display a number in an exponential representation.

Fractional format- To display the number in the form of fractions in accordance with the specified type of fraction.

Logical format- To use logical functions.

Text format- To display the data entered into the cell in the form of text, the text, and the numbers are displayed in the same way as entered.

Tab font.Allows you to change the font, size and style of both the entire text of the cell and several characters.

Tab effects font. Allows you to set some effects for font design.

Alignment tab. Allows you to set the type of alignment of the contents of the cell vertically and horizontally and the possibility of using the transfer, as well as set the angle of inclination in the cell.

Frame tab. Allows you to apply the border setting to any side of the cell or range. Create and / or delete borders around the cells, you can also use the Frame button on the toolbar Formatting. Here you can also set the distance from the borders of the cell to the text inscribed in it - item Indents from content.

Tab background. Allows you to change the color and pouring of the cell background.

Protect tab.Allows you to block the ability to edit the cell and hide the formula.

Changing string format, columns

Since in Calc strings and columns are a totality of cells, their main design is set through the command. Format cells. Separately, you can change the height parameters and column widths / rows.

In Calc, change the dimensions of the strings and columns can be moved by the mouse the right border of the column header or the bottom limit of the line header, or by using the command Format column (string) - wirina (height).

Check questions and tasks

How many rows can be placed on the CALC sheet?

How can the sheet be hidden, the column on the sheet?

How to create your book template?

How can I protect data on a sheet from changes?

What is the cell style, how to create your own style?

What can conditional formatting be used for?

How can I change the column width?

List of used literature

OpenOffice.org. CALC / PER manual. from English - 2007.

OpenOffice.org: Theory and Practice / I. Khakhaev, V. Mashkov, Gubkin and others. - M.: Alt Linux; BINOMIAL. Laboratory of Knowledge, 2008. - (Library Alt Linux).

OpenOffice.org for professional: [per. from English / team authors; Lit. Text processing: A. E. Kharlamenkov]. - 2nd ed., Act. and add. - M.: DMK Press, 2008. - 425 p.

Kulin , N. B. OpenOffice.org 3. 0 Calc / N. B. Kulin. - St. Petersburg. : BHV-Petersburg, 2009. - (the most necessary). - 178 p. 48 Training edition

The spreadsheet is a rectangular matrix consisting of cells, each of which has its own number.

The LibreOffice Calc program is designed to work with data tables, predominantly numeric.
Creating workers books
Window LibreOffice Calc.

The LibreOffice Calc work window is represented in Fig. one.

Fig. 1. Work window LibreOffice Calc

The default LibreOffice Calc program is called "Unnamed 1". Consists of several sheets (default - 3) with standard extension ODS. At the request of the user, the number of sheets can be increased.
The working sheet consists of rows and columns. The columns are numbered from A to AMG, and the lines from 1 to 1048576. The cell addresses are formed from the column number and the line number (for example, A1). Appeal to cells are made at their addresses.
Operations with sheets:

• rename - double-click on the name of the sheet on its shortcut or "rename" the context menu of the shortcut;
• deleting - "Edit" → "Sheet" menu → "Delete sheet" or "Delete" the context menu of the shortcut;
• moving or copying - "Edit" → "Sheet" menu → "Move / copy a sheet" or the corresponding tab of the shortcut menu. To copy, you need to check the Copy checkbox in the "Move / Copy Sheet" window;
• adding - Click on the sheet shortcut, before which the new sheet is inserted, in the context menu of the label to select the item "Add sheets" (Fig. 2)

Fig. 2. Insert List dialog box
In this dialog box, we specify the position, the name of the sheet, the number and click the "OK" button. You can also call the "Insert Sheet" dialog box through the "Insert" menu → "Sheet".
If the book consists of a large number of sheets and all shortcuts are not visible, then you should use the arrows located on the left of the labels.
Selection of cells and ranges (+ arrows or left mouse button; - Different areas). All cells of the string or column can be highlighted by clicking on the line header or column. To highlight the work sheet in the current book, you need to click on the sheet label. To select all the working sheet cells, you need to click on the allocation button of the entire sheet (rectangle at the intersection of the headers of the rows and columns) or press the keyboard key.
Entering data to work leaf
In the cells of the working sheet there may be text, constants and formulas. Text data cannot be performed by mathematical calculations. By default, numeric data is aligned on the right edge, and the text on the left. If the name of the category is not in width, then the right cell (if it is not empty) overlaps the following. The column width can be changed using the "Format" → "Column" → "Width" menu (you can use the "Optimal Width" command) or manually by dragging the boundaries in the column header rows. If the data is typed, but not yet entered, then the corrections can be made directly in the cell and in the formula string.
After the data is entered, you need to go to edit mode to correct. To do this, you need to double click on the desired cell. Insert the cursor appears in the cell. After editing is completed, entering new data must be confirmed by pressing the key. Pressing cancels the fixes made.
Data types.
The type defines the amount of memory allocated for data and possible operations with them. We describe the main types of LibreOffice Calc.
Whole numbers- These are numbers that are shared without a balance per unit: 4; -235. Numbers scored in parentheses are treated as negative.
Valid numberor how else is it called Total number- This is any positive number, negative number or zero. For example, 24.45 (separator - comma).
Drobi.: 7/8; 4/123.
To enter percentage after the number, the% symbol is recruited. If the number entered is a monetary value, rub in the end. (rubles).
If the numerical constant entered is not included in the width cell, it is displayed on the screen in the form ####. In this case, the column width must be increased.
date and time. Entering the date, for example, September 21, 2011, you can spend by typing on the keyboard 21/09/11.
Entering time is performed in the form of 13:21 or 14:15:00.
Formulas. All formulas in LibreOffice Calc must begin with the symbol = . To fix the input formula is displayed in the cell and in the formula string. After pressing the key in the cell, the value calculated by the formula will appear, and the input row will be cleaned.
When calculating the value of the formula, first of all, expressions inside the round brackets are calculated. If there are no brackets, the execution of operations is as follows:

• the values \u200b\u200bof the functions are calculated;
• the exercise operation (sign operation ^);
• multiplication and division operations (operations of operation *, /);
• operations of addition and subtraction (Signs of operation +, -).

As operands, the formula may contain numbers, links (cell addresses), functions.
Examples of formulas: \u003d 4 * 8 ^ 4-12; B2 + SIN (1,576).
The value of the formula depends on the contents of the cells to indicate the references, and it changes when the contents of these cells change.
For view the values \u200b\u200bof the arguments of the formula On the work sheet, you must double-click the left mouse button on the cell with the formula. In this case, the arguments in the formula and the corresponding values \u200b\u200bon the work sheet are highlighted in the same color (Fig. 3)


Fig. 3. View the values \u200b\u200bof the formula arguments
Operations of one level are performed from left to right. In addition to these operations in arithmetic expressions, communication operations are used:
: range;
; an association;
! Crossing.
To combine texts, a sign & (ampersant) is used.
Function - This is a predetermined formula. The function has the name and arguments enclosed in parentheses. Arguments are separated from each other with a symbol ";". Other functions can be used as arguments (if they work with the same data type), constants, cell addresses and cell ranges.
The range is a group of cells forming a rectangle. The range is denoted by the cell in the upper left corner of the rectangle and cells in the lower right corner of the rectangle. For example, the designation C5: F9 describes the range of cells on the intersection of rows with numbers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and columns C, D, E, F.
For example, SUM (A3; E1: E4) - this feature has two arguments. The first A3, the second - E1: E4. Summed numbers in cells A3, E1, E2, E3, E4.
Panel formulasafter the choices "Function" (sign " = »On the formula panel) contains the following items: the incident list of the last functions used, the" Function Wizard "button, the" Cancel "button, the" Apply "button and the input string (Fig. 4).


Fig. 4. Panel formulas
Enter formulas.Formulas can be entered in several ways: with the help of icons, input from the keyboard, or both methods at the same time.
1. Click the cell in which you want to insert the formula.
2. Click the Function icon (sign " = ") On the formula panel. An equal sign will appear in the input row, and now you can enter the formula. The formula can be entered using the "functions wizard", select the necessary operators from the incident list and entering the keyboard.
3. After entering the desired values, press the key or "Accept" button to insert the result in the current cell. If you want to clear the input string, press the key or the Cancel button.
You can enter the values \u200b\u200band formulas directly into the cells, even if the input cursor is not visible. All formulas should begin with the sign of equality.
Also, to start the input of the formula, you can press the "+" or "-" key on the numeric keypad. NumLock Mode must be in the on position. For example, here, press the following keys: +50 - 8.
The result is displayed in the cell. 42. The cell contains formula \u003d + 50-8.
A set of functions using the "Masters of Functions".Button " Master of Functions " The toolbar has the view f. ( x. ) .
Built-in functions allow you to simply and quickly perform the necessary calculations. LibreOffice Calc has more than 350 functions. In the case when none of the built-in features is suitable for solving the task, the user has the ability to create its own (user) function.
For ease of use, the functions are grouped by category: database; date Time; financial; information; brain teaser; mathematical; arrays; statistical; spreadsheets; text; Additional.
When you click on this button, the master starts. You can choose the function from the category you need. For example, to calculate the hyperbolic arquosine number, select the E41 cell, press the "Master of Functions" button, select the category "mathematical", the function "ACOSH". C. right side The dialog box is described in this function (Fig. 5).


Fig. 5. Dialog box "Master of Functions"
To use this feature, you must click the "Next" button or double-click on the "ACOSH" function in the left side of the dialog box. You can also manually register in the input bar for the sample formula shown after the name of the function on the right side of the dialog box.
After pressing the "Next" or double click on the "Acosh" function, the dialog box will take the following form (Fig. 6)


Fig. 6. Selection of the ACOSH function
In this window, you can enter a number from the keyboard in the "Number" field. From above indicates what value can this number be taken. When you click on the "Select" button, the input row appears (Fig. 7), to which you can enter the cell name, which contains a number to calculate (the cell can also be selected directly on the work sheet by the left mouse button).

Fig. 7. Choice of Number
After selecting the required cell, you must click on the button
At the same time, we return to our dialog box, where the result is already displayed (Fig. 8)


Fig. 8. "Function Master" after selecting a cell containing a number
In the "Structure" tab, the "Master of Function" shows us the structure of this operation, the degree of nesting (Fig. 9)


Fig. 9. Tab "Structure"
Press the button. The result of the operation of this function is written to the E41 cell (Fig. 10).


Fig. 10. The result of the function of the function
LibreOffice Calc can work with both individual cells and data arrays.
Addressing
LibreOffice Calc distinguish between two types of cell addressing: absolute and relative. Both types can be applied in the same link and create a mixed link.
Relative reference Perceived by the program as an indication of the route to the addressed cell from the cell containing the formula. When copying the formula, the relative links will be changed in such a way that the route is preserved. Relative links are used in the default CALC.
Absolute Link Specifies the absolute coordinates of the cell. When copying the formula, the absolute link to the cell will not change. The absolute link is set by specifying the dollar symbol before the line number and column, for example $ A $ 1.
The mixed link is a combination of absolute and relative links when for a string and column are used. different methods Addressing, for example $ A4, B $ 3. When copying the formula, the absolute part of the reference does not change.
Set the link, when entering the formula, you can directly enter the keyboard or the method of instructions (clicking the mouse on the desired cell).
Often in the formulas it is necessary to set references to the range of cells. To specify the range of CALC, uses three address operators:
the range operator (colon): The link addresses all the cells located between the two specified cells, for example, \u003d SUM (A1: B2) - returns the amount of the values \u200b\u200bof the cells A1, A2, B1 and B2;
operator of the range of ranges (semicolon): Reference covers the cells of the specified individual ranges, for example, \u003d SUM (A3; E1: E4) - Returns the sum of the cells A3, E1, E2, E3, E4;
operator of the intersection of ranges (exclamation mark): The reference covers the cells included in each of the specified ranges, for example, \u003d SUM (B2: D2! C1: D3) - returns the amount of C2 and D2 cells.
Creating a series
The input diagram of the same value or formula into part of the column or string:
1. Enter the value or formula into the cell and press;
2. Set the mouse pointer on the cell fill marker and stretch in the desired direction when the left key is pressed.
Cell filling marker - Little rectangle in the lower right corner of the cell:

The diagram of entering numeric values \u200b\u200bby the type of regression:
1. Insert two first elements of progression into two neighboring cells;
2. Select these cells;
3. Set the mouse pointer on the marker of filling the selected cells and stretch in the desired direction when the left mouse button is pressed.

Formatting
Data stored in cells can be displayed in one of several formats. Select the data representation format and the cell format can be in the Cell Format dialog box (Fig. 11). You can call it by pressing a key combination, select the "Cell ..." item in the "Format" menu, or the "cell format ..." menu after pressing the right mouse button on the cell (call the context menu).
Formatting includes the following items:
- installation of the format of numbers;
- selection of fonts;
- drawing frames;
- filling the cells with color and pattern;
- data alignment;
- Data protection.


Fig. 11. Dialog box "Cell format"
The "Cell Format" window contains several tabs, go between which you can, climb the mouse over the bookmark label. Brief description of tabs:
Numbers - Allows you to select one of the ways of submitting data to refine it (right). For example, for a numeric format, you can specify the number of semicolons. In this case, a sample of the selected data representation is displayed in the field on the right.
Font - The tab manages the selection of the font (style, drawing, size, language).
Effects font - Allows you to set color, undershooting, underscore, relief, contour, font shadow.
Alignment - The tab allows you to control the method of placing the text in the cell, turning the text in the cell, the transfer of words in the cell.
Frame - The tab allows you to create a framing around the cells using the boundaries of different style and thickness.
Background - The tab manages the color of the pouring cells.
Cell protection - The Tab manages the protection of cells from changes.

Error values \u200b\u200bfor calculations by formulas

Error value	Error code	Explanation of the error
		The column is too narrow to display the full contents of the cell. To solve this problem, increase the column width or use the "Format" menu → "Column" → "Optimal width".
		The operator or argument is not permissible.
		The calculation led to overflow a certain range of values.
		The formula within the cell returns a value that does not correspond to the definition of the formula or the functions used. This error may also mean that the cell referenced by the formula contains text, not a number.
		Formula within the cell uses non-existent links.
		The identifier cannot be appreciated: there is no allowable link, there is no valid domain name, no column / string, no macro, incorrect decimal separator, no supplement found.
		Posted division by 0.

Tracking interconnection of cells.
In large tables it is difficult to determine which cells are used to calculate on complex formulas, or in the formulas of which cells this cell takes part.
LibreOffice Calc makes it possible to use a visual graphic connection between cells. Cells that are used for calculations according to the formula are called "influencing cells". Cells, in the formulas of which an active cell is used are called "dependent cells".
To trace the affective and dependent cells, you can use the "Service" menu command → "Dependencies". Menu this service Presented in Fig. 12.

Fig. 12. Menu "Dependencies"
Influencing cells.Using this feature, connections between the current cell containing the formula, and the cells used in this formula are displayed. For example, the operation of the addition of two cells (A1I A3). The result of the addition (formula "\u003d A1 + A3") is recorded in the C2 cell. To view cells affecting C2, lay out this cell And we use the "Influencing Cells" service. At the same time, LibreOffice Calc with the arrow will indicate the cells affecting the C2 cell (Fig. 13)

Fig. 13. Influencing cells
Remove arrows to affecting cells.Removes one level of arrows to the affecting cells inserted with the "Influencing Cells" command.
Dependent cells.This command holds the arrows to the active cell on the formulas depending on the values \u200b\u200bin the active cell. We use the previous example, but now select the A1 cell and see that the C2 cell depends on the cell A1 (Fig. 14)

Fig. 14. Dependent cells
Remove arrows to addicted cells.Deletes one level of arrows to the addicted cells inserted using the Dependent Cells command.
Delete all arrows.Removes all the addiction arrows contained in the spreadsheet.
Error source.This command holds arrows to all influencing cells that cause an error in the selected cell.
Observe incorrect data.When you call this command, all cells on a sheet containing values \u200b\u200bthat do not comply with the rules of verification are marked.
Update arrows.This command calls to re-generate all the arrows on the sheet, taking into account the change in the formulas since the last alignment of dependencies.
Update automatically.Automatic update of all dependencies on the sheet with each change in the formula.
Fill mode.With this command, the fill mode is activated. Mouse cursor turns into special symbolAnd they can click any cell to view dependencies from affecting cells. To exit this mode, press the key or click the Fill Mode command in the context menu.
Association of Cells -to combine two or more cells, it is necessary to select cells and click the button on the "Formatting" panel "Combine and Center Cells" or use the "Format" menu → "Combine Cells". Also, these operators can be used when splitting the cells.

Creating diagrams
LibreOffice allows you to graphically submit data in the form of a diagram for a visual comparison of data series and viewing their trends. Charts can be inserted into spreadsheets, text documents, drawings and presentations.
Charts in LibreOffice Calc are created using the "Master of Charts". Before it is activated, it is desirable to highlight the data that will be used in the diagram, although this can be done in the process of building a chart.
The selected area should contain cells with the name of the rows and columns that will be used as the names of categories and text of the legend. To build a diagram, you can use the data in non-measure areas. Data series can be added to the source table, in addition, the table itself can be placed in the diagram area. "Master of Chart" is called from the main menu using the "Insert" → "Chart" command (Fig. 15) or the button on the toolbar.


Fig. 15. "Master Charts"

Working with the "Master of Charts" requires consistent execution of four steps:
1. Select type and type of diagrams (histogram, line, circular, area, lines, XY diagram, bubble, mesh, stock, columns and lines).
2. Specifying the data range to be displayed in the diagram, and the choice of data orientation (in the strings or columns of the table defined data series); Preview diagram.
3. Configure data ranges for each row.
4. Registration of the chart: Adding a legend, the name of the diagram and the axes, applying markup.

Editing diagrams
After creating a diagram, it can be changed. Changes relate to both the type of diagrams and its individual elements. Spectrum of editing features:
1. Click the diagram to change the properties of objects: size and position on the current page; Alignment, test transfer, external borders, etc.
2. To go to the diagram editing mode, double-click the following mouse button: Data Data Values \u200b\u200b(for Diagrams with Own Data); Type of chart, axis, headlines, walls, mesh, etc.
3. Double-click the diagram element in the diagram editing mode: to change the scale, type, colors and other parameters double-click the axis.
Double-click the data point to select and change the data to which the point relates.
Select a number of data, click it, and then double-click the data point to change the properties of this point (for example, one value on the histogram).
Double-click the legend to choose and change it. Click, and then double-click the character in the selected legend to change the corresponding data series.
To change properties, double-click any other diagram element or click the item and open the "Format" menu.
4. To exit the current edit mode, click Outside the diagram.
Also to highlight the chart elements, you can use the "Formatting diagrams" toolbar, which appears after double clicking on the diagram (Fig. 16)


Fig. 16. Toolbar "Formatting Charts"
Using this panel, you can select the elements of charts in the falling list, view the format of the selected item ("Selection format" button and make the necessary changes. Also on this panel are the following buttons:

View of the panel	Properties
	Type of diagram
	Show / Hide horizontal grid
	Show / hide legend
	Scale of texts
	Automatic markup

To add items to the diagram, you must use the "Insert" menu (Fig. 17) and select the desired item (you must first select the diagram by double clicking the left mouse button).

Fig. 17. Menu "Insert"
"Headers" - You can add or change the title name, subtitle, the name of the x, y, z axes, additional axes. To move the item, you must select it and drag to the right place. Also, the selected header can be removed using the Legend key. The legend displays the signatures from the first row or column or from the range that was specified in the Data Series dialog box. If the diagram does not contain signatures, text in the form will be displayed in the form "Line 1, line 2 ..." or "Column A, column B ..." in accordance with the number of row or the letter of the diagram data column. Introduce the text directly impossible; It is generated automatically based on the name of the cell range. Using the "Insert" → "Legend" menu, it is possible to change its location or hide. Laying "Axis". It makes it possible to make the missing axis in the chart. The grid - ensures the insertion of the grid to the diagram that improves perception. The removal of the grid lines is ensured by the removal of the corresponding flags. The formatting of the diagram area is reduced to a change in the form (frame and fill) (Fig. 18).

Fig. 18. Dialog box "Diagram"

Control of the volume form of diagrams. To control the surround diagrams, LibreOffice Calc provides the ability to change the viewing view of the diagram by changing the three special parameters: perspective, appearance and lighting (Fig. 19)

Fig. 19. Three-dimensional view
This feature is laid in the "Format" command → "Three-dimensional image".
Sorting lists and ranges
LibreOffice Calc presents various types of data sorting. You can sort rows or columns in an increasing go of the descending order (text data - in alphabetical or reverse alphabetical order). In addition, LibreOffice Calc allows you to create your own sort order. The Sort dialog box (Fig. 20) is called using the "Data" menu → "Sort". In this case, the columns, strings or simply data that must be sorted is predefined.

Fig. 20. Dialog box "Sort"
You can also sort the data using the buttons on the Toolbar "Standard"

Applying filters to analyze lists. Filters allow you to place the results of requests for criteria into a separate table, which can be used for further processing. Filter the list means to hide the lines of the list with the exception of those that satisfy the specified selection conditions.
Using autofiltra. Before using the autofilter, you must select data (there may be the entire line of headers) to be filtered. Menu "Data" → "Filter" → "Auto Filter". Each LibreOffice Calc column header will install an autofilter in the form of an arrow button. As a result of the work of the Autofilter LibreOffice Calc displays filtered lines.
Using a standard filter. It is also very convenient to use a standard filter that makes it possible to use a variety of criteria associated with logic functions and or or. Calling a standard filter - "Data" menu → "Filter" → "Standard Filter" (Fig. 21)


Fig. 21. Dialog box "Standard Filter"
The standard filter can also be used with an applied autofilter.

Using an extended filter (Data "→" Filter "→" Advanced Filter "). Select a named area or enter the range of cells containing the filter conditions you want to use.
Forms of data. When performing tasks characteristic of databases, such as search, sorting, summing up, LibreOffice Calc automatically examines the table as a database. When viewing, modifying, deleting a record in the database, as well as when searching for entries on a specific criterion, it is convenient to use data forms. When accessing the "Data" command → "Form" LibreOffice Calc reads data and creates a dialog box of the data form (Fig. 22).

Fig. 22. Data form dialog box
In the form of data on the screen, one entry is displayed, it is possible to view the next records and create a new one. When entering or changing data in the fields of this window, the contents of the corresponding database cells change (after entering new data, you must press the key).
Selection of the parameter.In the case of selecting a parameter, we are talking about a simple form of data analysis of the type "what if", that is, it is necessary to choose such a value of the argument in which the function takes set value. In particular, the function of the selection can be used to find the root of a nonlinear equation. The value of the target cell is the result of calculating the formula. This formula is directly or indirectly referred to one or more influencing cells. The selection function changes the value of the influenge cell so as to obtain a specified value in the target cell. The affecting cell itself may also contain a formula.
To apply the parameter selection function, you must select the cell with the target value and select the "Service" → "Selection of the parameter" command (Fig. 23).


Fig. 23. Dialog box "Selection of the parameter"

Target cell - in a cell with the formula, enter a link to a cell containing the formula. It contains a reference to the current cell. In the case shown in Fig. 12, the target cell contains the formula for the construction of the square. Click another cell on the sheet to apply the link to it to the text field.
Target value- This indicates the value you want to get as a new result. Suppose we need to find out what number it is necessary to build a square to get a value of 121. Accordingly, we enter as the target value "121".
By changing the cell - here specifies a link to a cell containing the value that you want to configure to select the value.
After entering the settings, click "OK" and LibreOffice Calc offers us an option to replace the cell (Fig. 24). The result of our actions is the number 11.

Letter for the Department of Education and Science of the region dated November 20, 2019 No. 1.01-29 / 5522 "On the monitoring of the level of informatization of organizations of the education system of the region for 2019" (Togbu without an image. Process)

Lesson number 1.
Topic: spreadsheets. Purpose. Spreadsheets LibreOffice. Calc.
Cells and cell ranges. Enter and edit data.
Enter formulas.

Spreadsheets

ELECTRONIC TABLE (TH) - These are special programs designed to work with data in tabular form:

For calculations on the data,

To build diagrams based on tabular data,

For sorting and searching for data based on a specific criterion,

To analyze the data and miscarriage of the type "What, if?",

To create databases,

For printing tables and their graphic representation.

The first efforts appeared in 1979.

The generally accepted source of electronic tables as a separate class software is Dan Bricklinwhich together with Bob Frankston Developed a program Visicalc. In 1979, this spreadsheet for a computer Apple II. It became very popular, turning a personal computer from toys for technofils into a massive tool for business.

Purpose.

These are intended for economists, accountants, engineers, scientists - all those who have to work with large arrays of numerical information.

3. LibreOffice. Calc.

LibreOffice Calc. - partLibreOffice.. With it, you can analyze the entered data, to calculate, predict, reduce data from different sheets and tables, build diagrams and graphs. In addition to this program in the packageLibreOffice. Other office programs include.

Office packageLibreOffice. It can be freely installed and used in schools, offices, universities, home computers, state, budget and commercial organizations and institutions of Russia and CIS countries .

Package composition LibreOffice.

Module

Notes

LibreOffice Writer.

LibreOffice Calc.

LibreOffice impress.

Preparation program

LibreOffice Base.

Connection mechanism for external and built-in DBMS

LibreOffice Draw.

LibreOffice Math.

View of the screen

Standard screen view for windows Applications :

The header string containing the name of the program and the current document.

Line menu with basic commands.

Toolbar - Standard, Formatting and Line of Formulas.

Working field that consists of cells. Each cell has its own address: the name of the column and the line number, at the intersection of which it is located. For example: A1, C8, P15. The columns are only 256 (last IV), strings - 65636.

On the left and at the bottom of the screen are scroll bars. To the left of the bottom scroll bar are tabs with the names of working sheets. Thus, we only see a piece of a huge table that is formed in PC memory.

Documentation LibreOffice. Calc.

Documents that are created using LibreOffice. Calc. Called working books And have an extension . ODS. . The new workbook has three working sheets, which are called sheet1, sheet2 and sheet3. These names are listed on sheets of sheets at the bottom of the screen. To go to another sheet, you need to click on the name of this sheet. On the work sheet can be located

data tables

charts (as a table element or on a separate sheet).

Actions with work sheets:

Renaming the working sheet. Set the mouse pointer to the operating sheet root and twice the left key or call the context menu and select the command rename.

Insert working sheet. Select the sheet label, in front of which you need to insert a new sheet, insert  sheet, or using the context menu.

Removing the working sheet. Select a sheet label, Edit Delete, or with the context menu.

Moving and copying a desktop. Select the sheet label and drag to the desired location (with the CTRL key pressed - copy) or through the clipboard.

Cells and cell ranges.

The working field consists of rows and columns. Rows are numbered from 1 to 65536. The columns are latin letters: a, in, s, ..., aa, av, ..., iv, total - 256. At the intersection of the string and column there is a cell. Each cell has an address consisting of a column name and cell number. The cell's address is recorded only on english language - it is important

To work with several cells, they are conveniently combined into "ranges".

Range are cells located in the form of a rectangle. For example, A3, A4, A5, B3, B4, B5. To record the range used " : ": A3: B5

Examples: A1: C4, B6: E12, G8: H10

The task:

- Select the following ranges of cellsB. 2: D. 7; A. 1: G. 2; D. 4: H. 8

- write ranges

7 . Enter and edit data.

IN LibreOffice. Calc. You can enter the following data types:

• Text (for example, headlines and explanatory material).

  Functions (for example, sum, sinus, root).

Data is entered into cells. To enter the data, the desired cell must be highlighted. There are two data entry methods:

Just click in the cell and print the desired data.

Click in the cell and in the formula row and enter data into the formula string.

Press ENTER.

Change data.

Select the cell  Press F 2  Change data.

Select the cell  click on the formula string and change the data there.

To change the formulas, you can only use the second method.

Enter formulas.

Formula is an arithmetic or logical expression on which calculations are made in the table. Formulas consist of references to cells, operations and functions. LibreOffice. Calc. It has a very large set of built-in features. With their help, you can calculate the amount or average arithmetic values \u200b\u200bfrom a certain range of cells, calculate interest on deposits, etc.

Enter formula always begins with the sign of equality. After entering the formula, the result of the calculation appears in the corresponding cell, and the formula itself can be seen in the formula row.

Act

Examples

Addition

Subtraction

Multiplication

A1 / B5.

Erend into degree

A4 ^ 3.

=, <,>,<=,>=,<>

Signs of relationship

In formulas, you can use brackets to change the procedures for action.

The task:

Enter the following data

Make sure the active is english font.

Set the table cursor in the D2 cell.

Click the left mouse button in the formula row.

Enter the equality sign, and then the formula: B2 * C2. Press the key<ENTER>.

Make sure that a numeric value appears in the D2 cell

The task:

Fill out the following table, in the field "Amount" to record formulas for calculating the summary amount

Lesson number 2.
Topic: auto completion of the cells of the spreadsheet.
Auto confillment cells formulas. Using the "Amount" function

1. Autocomplete.

Very convenient tool is autofill adjacent cells. For example, you need to enter the names of the year in the column or string. This can be done manually. But there is a much more convenient way:

Enter the desired month in the first cell, for example, January.

Highlight this cell. In the lower right corner of the selection frame is a small square - filling marker.

Move the mouse pointer to the fill marker (it will take the type of cross), while holding down left button Mice, stretch the marker in the right direction. At the same time, the current cell value will be seen glad to the frame.

If you need to fill out some numeric number, then you need to enter the first two numbers in the neighboring two cells (for example, to enter 1, and in B4 - 2), select these two cells and extend for the marker (from the lower right corner of the second cell) Selection area to the desired size.

The task:

- Using auto fill to build rows

- from 1 to 50,

- from 2 to 100,

- January December

Autofill Formulas

Construction of the simplest series of data is possible by the method described above. If the dependence is more complicated, the formula is used as the initial value of the range.

Example: The legend of the inventor of Chess, who asked as a reward for his invention as much grain how much will be released, if on the first cell of the chessboard, put 1 grains, on the second - 2, on the third - 4, on the fourth - 8, etc., that is For each next 2 times more than the previous one. Total cells on chessboard 64.

On the first cell - 1 grains

Next - 2, i.e. Twice more, however, instead of the number 2 in the cell B 2, we introduce the formula. Since the pattern is described by the equation y \u003d 2x, then the formula will be similar \u003d A 1 * 2

Press Enter and stretch the second cell for the marker down on 64 cells

We now consider the amount of all cells in the example. To do this, select the required range (in our case, from 1 to 64 cells (A 1 - A 64)). We find the "sum" button above and click on it

The value of the amount will be recorded in the following cell. If the amount value must be in a separate cell, then you need to activate this cell, click the sum icon, select the range and press "ENTER".

The task:

- find the sum of all natural numbers from 1 to 100 inclusive

- find the amount of all odd numbers from 1 to 99

- Find the sum of the squares of natural numbers from 1 to 10 (1 2 + 2 2 +3 2 +…)

Lesson number 3.
Topic: Relative and Absolute Addressing

The spreadsheet may contain as maintenance (source) and derivatives (Calculated) data. The advantage of spreadsheets is that they allow you to organize an automatic calculation of data derivatives. For this purpose in the cells of the table use formulas. In this case, if the initial data is changed, the derivatives are also changed.

In the cell D 3, we will make a formula according to which the amount of numbers in cells B 2 and C2 is considered.

If you now change the data, for example, in the B 2 cell, the amount value is automatically recalculated.

Let's try now to copy the formula down by "dragging" by

Note, after copying the formula to another cell, it has changed it, i.e. in it, instead of references to cells B 2 and C 2, there are references to cells B 3 and C 3.

This method is called relative addressing. It is convenient to apply when filling the same type of data.

However, there are situations where use this method leads to an incorrect calculation. Consider an example:

Suppose we need to make a transfer of money from dollars to rubles, the current dollar exchange rate writes to one of the cells.

In other cells, we introduce the amount in dollars

Calculate in cell B 3 formula for the transfer of dollars in rubles

P turn around to copy the formula into the lower cells

We see that the result is incorrect (should not be 0 A 1200 and 3000)

With a careful study of the resulting formula, it can be seen that the cell A 3 "turned" into the cell A 4 (which is correct, as the value of "40") is now substituted), but the cell that C 2 cells can now be automatically stunted below - cell C 3, In which is empty, and, therefore, the second multiplier becomes the number 0. So that the result is correct, it is necessary to fix the second cell in some way, without letting it be recorded.

This can be done using the so-called absolute addressing. The essence of this method is that in the formula entry in front of the letter or the digit is a $ sign that does not give to change the corresponding letter or digit. If this sign stands and in front of the letter and in front of the number, we are dealing with absolute addressing And if only before the letter or only before the number - with mixed addressing (In this case, part of the references of the formula when copying may vary)

Change our initial formula by the method of absolute addressing

And copy it down

Take the part of the formula that is enclosed in "Dollars" has not changed!

The method of absolute and mixed references will demonstrate on the example of the preparation of the multiplication table

You can fill all the cells of the table formulas manually, it is easier to do this using autofill, the truth here should be neat, since when copying the links are shifted.

Let's just try to copy the formula in cell B 2 down

As you can see, the result, as expected, is incorrect. Let's try to understand what the case, analyzing the formula, for example in the cell B 3

It should correctly be \u003d a 3 * b 1, it means that the number "1" in the formula in the cell B 2 must be "fixed"

Let's try to copy the formula down

Now everything is considered correctly, note that the figure in the right part of the formula has not changed

The task:

Create a multiplication table 10 to 10

-

Lesson number 4.
Subject: Standard Functions B. LibreOffice. Calc.

1. Standard functions.

Calculations that allow programCalc.are not limited to the simplest arithmetic operations. It is possible to use a large number of built-in standard functions and perform very complex calculations.Functions in OpenOffice.org Calc, they call merging several computing operations to solve a specific task. The values \u200b\u200bthat are used to calculate the functions are calledarguments . The values \u200b\u200breturned by the features as an answer are calledresults .

When we start the formula (by pressing the "\u003d" key), the field name in the formula row is replaced by the drop-down list of standard functions.

This list contains ten functions used by the latter, as well as the item Other functions with which you can open the Function Master dialog box.

This dialog box allows you to select any standard feature from the CALC.

· financial (functions for calculating a variety of economic indicators, such as profit rate, depreciation, rate of profitability, etc.);

· date and time (With the help of the Date and Time functions, you can solve almost any tasks associated with the date or time, in particular, to determine the age, calculate the work experience, determine the number of working days at any time of time, for example: Today () - Enters the current date of the computer) ;

· mathematical (functions for performing various arithmetic and algebraic actions, for example: ABS () - returns the number module, sum () - summation of the range of cells, SQRT () - the value of square root, etc.);

· statistical (In this category, various functions are collected with which such sections of mathematics are working as probabilities theory, mathematical statistics, combinatorics);

· textic (With the help of text functions, it is possible to process the text: Remove characters, find the desired, write characters in a strictly defined text place and much more, for example: Lowel () - makes all the letters in the line string line);

· brain teaser (These features help to create complex formulas, which, depending on the implementation of certain conditions, will perform various types of data processing or execute branching calculations, for example: if (), and (), or ()).

When choosing a function, it appears short description, so you can easily find the desired function. At first, you quite have mathematical and logical functions.

Formulas and functions can be entered manually, simply gaining their names in the formula row.

If the function appears at the very beginning of the formula, it must be preceded by a sign of equality, as in any other formula. Remember that when recording functions, the opening and closing brackets must be present, while you should not insert spaces between the name and brackets.

For example, if a formula is recorded in the A5 cell with a degree function \u003d POWER (A 4; 3), the value of this cell will be the value of A4, erected into a degree 3.

In the future, we will often apply tomathematical functions to which include such well-known school mathematics functions asSin.() - sinus, Cos.() - cosine, Tan.() - Tangent, LN.() - natural logarithm, SQRT () - a square root of the number, etc.

Let's consider an example:

You need to find the highest range of cells. Without using the function, this calculation is impossible. Below is a function that allows you to find the most largest in the range of cells:

Max (A1: A10), where

MAX - the function of determining the greatest value;

A1: A10 - Range of cells, among which you want to find the greatest value.

As another example, consider building a table of values \u200b\u200bof some function at a specified interval and with a given step.

Make a table of values \u200b\u200bof the function of the sine on the range from 1 to 2 in increments of 0.1

Initially, we build a number of values \u200b\u200bof an independent argument ( x. ), given the specified parameters

In the cell B 2 insert the function of the sine (by any method) from the argument of the cell a 2

Copy the formula down

The result is ready!

The task:

Make a table of values \u200b\u200bof the cosine function at the interval from 1 to 3 in increments of 0.2

Make a table of function values y. = x. 2 on the interval from 0 to 3 in increments of 0.1

Lesson number 5.
Subject: "Use of logical functions.
Building graphs and charts »

1.Logical functions functionIf

The IF function is used to verify the conditions when calculating.

Recording format:

If (log_Miz; meaning_If_istin; value_If_nut)

Log_Production is any value or expression that makes the values \u200b\u200bof truth or false. For example, A10 \u003d 100 is a logical expression; If the value in the cell A10 is 100, the expression takes the value of the truth. Otherwise - Lies.

The table calculates the salary of each employee, it is determined by the salary (the same for all), and experience (different)

The coefficient is calculated in this way:

If experience\u003e \u003d 10 years, then it is 2, otherwise - 1.

In the E Column insert such a formula: \u003d if (c2\u003e \u003d 10; 2; 1),

Accordingly, in the column f: \u003d d2 * e2

In the same example, we will calculate the coefficient as follows:

Starting up to 10 years - 1,

From 10 to 20 - 1.5,

Consequently, here you need to choose from 3 options. Using nested functions IF.

In the column e insert the formula: \u003d if (C2<10;1;IF (C2>=20;2;1,5))

Please note that in the formula, the second IF is inside the brackets

The table will take the form:

2. Building diagrams

LibreOffice Calc provides ample opportunities to create business graphics - diagrams and graphs. They display the data is visually than the numbers in the table cells. Considering charts or graphics, you can immediately analyze data in the table.

Diagram - This is a graphical representation of data in the table.

Charts are built on the basis of ready-made tables.

Graphs and charts are built using masters Chart

Master Chart - This is a series of dialog boxes that allow you to create a new diagram or edit the already existing one.

In the number 1 dialog box, select the type of chart.

In the dialog number 2, you can clarify the range of data for which the diagram is built.

Row switches in rows or columns allow you to select the direction of data for constructing a chart if the selected range is a rectangular area.

Rows of Data - Data sets represented by graphic columns, sectors or chart lines.

In the dialog number 4, the chart parameters are set.

Common elements for all types:

Title - You can enter the chart header.

Legend - A area in which colors and patterns corresponding to specific data in the chart are decrypted. In order for in the legend to be meaningful notation, it is necessary to allocate numeric data with the headings of the rows and columns in the table.

Data signatures are numeric, percentage or text signatures near each chart item.

Data Table - A fragment of the source table with data for the diagram is placed under the diagram.

Order order:

Enter the source set of data (cellular set)

Select the desired range (in the simplest case one column or string)

Press the diagram button

In the wizard opened on the steps to determine the structure of the future chart or schedule

In more complex cases, another (or several) column with text (or data) is added to the diagram, which in the diagram is converted into signatures of rows, columns, sectors, etc.

Please note that the ready diagram can be edited by changing data, color chart, signature, legend, etc.

The task:

create a chart of the cost of products purchased in the store according to the following template, the total cost to calculate it yourself, allocate only columns B and E (through the key ctrl )

3. Building graphs

As an example, consider the order of constructing the function of the function y. = sin. (x. ) on the interval from 0 to 6.3 in increments of 0.1

1) Preparing the source data

2
) We allocate the entire range of data and call the Master of Charts

3) In the first step of the wizard, choose the following items:

4) You can click the "Finish" button. Graph is ready!

The task :

Build a chart function y. = x. 2 on the range from -3 to 3 in increments of 0.1

Build a graph of the COS function ( x. /2 ) on the interval from -1 to 4 in increments of 0.1

Lesson number 6.
Subject: "Electronic tables - as a means of computer simulation"

Our model that we will develop on the basis of this will biological rhythms.

What are biological rhythms?

We all live according to certain laws. There is a theory that human life is subject to three cyclic processes called biorhythms. Speaking strictly scientifically, biorhythms are periodically repetitive changes in the nature and intensity of biological processes and phenomena in a living organism. These are reflected by the organism of the cyclicity of phenomena walking in nature. A simpler and well-known concept is the "biological clock". Greek doctor Herofil (300 years BC) found that the pulse in a healthy person changes during the day. Subconsciously man chooses the time when it is easier for it. Approximately 400 - 500 years ago, a person began to live on the clock, and before that there was no need for them, since natural and biological clock worked. Biorhythms of the body - daily, monthly, annual - practically remained unchanged from primitive times and can not keep up with the rhythms of modern life.

In recent years, the theory of "three rhythms" has become wide popularity. The starting mechanism of these exceptional rhythms is only the moment of human birth. A man was born, and rhythms arose with a period of 23, 28 and 33 days, determining its level physical, emotional and intellectual activity.

The physical biorhythm characterizes the vital forces of a person, i.e. His physical condition.

An emotional biorhythm characterizes the inner mood of a person, his excitability, the ability of the emotional perception of the surrounding.

Third biorhythm characterizes mental abilities, intellectual state of a person.

The graphic image of these rhythms is sinusoid. Many believe that the "takeoff" of the graphics representing a sinusoidal dependence correspond to more favorable days. One-day periods in which the phase shift occurs ("zero" points on the chart) and which are allegedly distinguished by a decrease in the corresponding level of activity, the name "Critical days", i.e. unfavorable. If one and the same "zero" point intersect two or three sinusoids simultaneously, then such "double" or "triple" critical days are especially dangerous. Moreover, in some countries, on such days, people of risky professions (pilots, cascadeurs, etc.) provide a day off.

According to the theory of biorhythms, the possibility of the human body varies periodically. After a certain number of days (period), the body returns at the same state.

There are several cycles of the body: physical, intellectual, emotional.

It does not depend on the age or from the floor, nor from the nationality of a person.

The beginning of each biorhythm coincides with the date of birth.

It is known that:

The physical cycle lasts 23 days,

Emotional - 28 days,

Intellectual - 33 days.

We will proceed to creating a model of biological rhythms.

1) Creating a mathematical model:

These cycles can be described in the expressions below, in which the variable X is the number of days lived by a person:

Physical Cycle Piz (x) \u003d SIN (2p x / 23)

Emotional cycle emo (x) \u003d sin (2p x / 28)

Intelligent int (x) \u003d sin cycle (2p x / 33)

It is clear that all these functions periodically change their value from -1 to 1 (function of function values sin. (x. ) ).

Knowing how many days have passed since the birth of a person, you can easily calculate the value of the above functions for the current day. To track the change of functions you need x. Increase on the desired number of days.

Having a function of function values, you can build its schedule for which it is easy to track its appearance.

To find out how many days have passed from the day of birth, you need to subtract the date of birth from the current date

Finally the formula will be

SIN (2. (T K --T 0) / K), where

T 0 - Human birth date

T K - Estimated date

K - cycle period

It makes sense in one coordinate system to build all 3 graphics of functions corresponding to each cycle

2) compiling computer model

Fill table:

In cell A1 Introduce the name of the column - date of birth

In B1 Introduce - the estimated date

In C1 Introduce - Physical Cycle

In D 1 Introduce - Emotional Cycle

In E1 Introduce - Intelligent Cycle

Cap table ready.

Data input.

In A2 - the date of birth of a person, for example 01.01.2000

In B2 - the estimated date, for example, February 19, 2004

In C2, the formula for determining the physical cycle \u003d sin (2 * Pi () * (B2-A2) / 23)

In D 2, the formula for determining the emotional cycle \u003d sin (2 * Pi () * (B2-A2) / 28)

In E2, the formula for determining the intelligent cycle \u003d sin (2 * Pi () * (B2-A2) / 33)

For the current day, the data is obtained. We introduce several calculated dates, for example, a week ahead of the current date. To do this, the calculation date will copy down to the desired value of the position.

It remains to copy down the formula for cycles. True here you need to be attentive, as one of the links (try to guess what!) Fixed and, therefore, the formulas must be modified.

The final schedule may turn out about this type.

The task:

Try to expand the scope of the schedule, extending the date to 1 month. Build the graphics obtained

3) Analysis of modeling results.

Look at the graphics received. The higher the sinusoid rises, the higher the corresponding abilities and vice versa. Exceptions can be those days in which the schedule crosses the X axis. Then the abilities can be unpredictable: or wonderful, or very bad.

The task:

1. After analyzing the chart, choose "unfavorable" days for physical education

2. Clear days when the answers in the lessons will be the most (least) successful.

3. Check your mood when the emotional biorhythm indicators are on a decline or on the rise.

Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher

vocational education

Tomsk State University of Management Systems and Radio Electronics

Department of Automated Control Systems

Laboratory workshop to the course "Informatics and Programming"

developer K.T.N, Associate Professor of the ASU Department

Sukhanov A.Ya.

Sukhanov A.Ya.

Computer science and programming: a training guide for laboratory work - 226 p.

An educational manual contains a program and tasks for laboratory classes, as well as all the necessary forms of documents for the tasks.

(c) Sukhanov A.Ya., 2010

1 Laboratory work number 1. LibreOffice ................................................. ...............................................
1.1. LibreOffice Writer ............................................... .................................................. ...............
1.2. In the text of the text .............................................. .................................................. ....................................
1.3. Formatting of the text .............................................. .................................................. ................
1.4.Changing the document .............................................. .................................................. ..................
1.5. Using toolbars ............................................... ........................................
1.6. Add new features on the toolbar .......................................... .........
1.7. Reduction of text .............................................. .................................................. ................
1.8.Parameters of the page .............................................. .................................................. ..................
1.9. Registration of paragraphs (Paragraphs) ........................................... .................................................. .
1.10. Sections (sections) and ruptures .......................................... .................................................. .......
1.12. Standard drawing into the text ............................................ .................................................. ..............
1.13. Formulas ............................................... .................................................. ...................................
1.14. Filty and formatting ............................................. .................................................. ...........
1.15 .. Auto Planters and Parameters of Auto Promenes ........................................... .........................................
1.16. The situation ............................................... .................................................. ......................................
2 Study of macros LibreOffice Writer ........................................................... ................................................
2.1. Projects and classes. .................................................. .................................................. ..................
2.2. Transferred and objects in Basic ............................................. .................................................. .....
2.3. Basic .............................................. .................................................. ..........................
2.4.Processors and functions. .................................................. .................................................. ..........
2.5. Creating a macro in LibreOffice ............................................ .................................................. ...
2.6.News macros LibreOffice Writer ............................................ .............................................
3 Laboratory No. 2 Studying spreadsheets LibreOffice Calc ....................................................... .....
3.1. SUCH INFORMATION ON THE CALC CALC Table LibreOffice ..........................................
3.2. Design of the spreadsheet ............................................. ..................................................
3.3. The construction of the diagrams .............................................. .................................................. .................
3.4.All 1. ............................................. .................................................. .....................................
3.5.New 2. ............................................... .................................................. .....................................
4 Laboratory work №3 Using Calc as a database, learning macros ................
4.1. Filtration of data .............................................. .................................................. ...................
4.2. Enterprise tables. .................................................. .................................................. ..................
4.3. Certificates and grouping ............................................ .................................................. .....
4.4.Chotos of macros Calc Basic .............................................. .................................................. .....
4.4.1 Calculation of premium percentages ............................................. ..............................
4.4.2 Accrual premium. Using a function. .................................................. ..
4.4.3 Calculation of formulas, implementation of computing functions. ......................................
5 Laboratory work №4 Studying the MS-DOS operating system and work in command
row ............................................................... .................................................. .................................................. .
5.2. What is the operating system? .......................................... ..............................................
5.3. The operating system dos ............................................. .................................................. ........
5.4.What is understood under the file. .................................................. ..................................................
5.5.Name ............................................... .................................................. ...................................
6 Laboratory work №5 Examination of the operating windows systems And the shell FAR ..............
6.1. The look of FAR ............................................. .................................................. ..........................
6.2. The source team Far Manager ............................................ .................................................. ..
6.3. Work with panels ............................................... .................................................. ........................

6.5. Viewing the contents of the disk ............................................. .................................................. .....
6.6.Sortize the list of files ............................................... .................................................. ..........
6.7. The transfer of programs .............................................. .................................................. ..........................
6.8. Creating folders .............................................. .................................................. ............................
6.9. Viewing wood folders ....................................................... .................................................. ................
6.10. Copying files ................................................ .................................................. .................
6.11. The date of files .............................................. .................................................. .......................
6.12. Work with multiple files ............................................ .................................................. .
6.13.Poisk files .............................................. .................................................. .............................
6.14.Fast file search ................................................. .................................................. ................
6.15. Creating text files ............................................. .................................................. ......
6.16. I look up text files ............................................. .................................................. .....
6.17. Reduction of text files ................................................. .............................................
6.18. Speed \u200b\u200bquick viewing ........................................................... .................................................. .......
6.19.Poisk folders .............................................. .................................................. ...............................
6.20. Using the filter ................................................ .................................................. ............
6.21. Replacing the attributes of files ............................................. .................................................. ...
6.22.Mote of user teams ............................................... .................................................. ......
6.23. Determination of FAR actions depending on the expansion of the file name ...............................
6.24. Work with FTP client ............................................ .................................................. ...............
7 Studying the Windows operating system. .................................................. ................................
8 Studying forms and visual management elements in OpenOffice or LibreOffice. ...............
8.1. Effective MSGBOX .............................................. .................................................. .........................
8.2. Creating a dialog box with an input string. .................................................. .....................
8.3. Creating a dialogue .............................................. .................................................. ........................
8.4. Realization of the dialogue with the button ............................................ .................................................. ...
8.5. The object of the object .............................................. .................................................. .........................
8.6. Effective forms and elements of control ........................................... ....................................
8.7. Heating flags. .................................................. .................................................. ...............
8.8.Sults of the switches. .................................................. .................................................. .
8.9.text fields .............................................. .................................................. ..........................
8.10.Scheck ................................................. .................................................. .....................................
8.11. Finger with a list ................................................. .................................................. ......................
8.12. Macrose implementing the use of a text field and lists .........................................
8.13.Element meter .............................................. .................................................. .....................
8.14.Mostual task .............................................. .................................................. ......
9 Studying Java ................................................... .................................................. ..................................
9.1.This principle of the OOP ............................................. .................................................. ....................
9.2.Alization of the program on Java .............................................. .................................................. ..
9.3. USE NetBeans .............................................. .................................................. ..........
9.4. What is the interfaces ............................................... .................................................. ................
9.5. System Swing .............................................. .................................................. ...........................
9.5.1 class japplet ............................................. .................................................. .......................
9.5.2 Icons and labels ............................................ .................................................. ....................
9.5.3 Text fields ............................................. .................................................. ..................
9.5.4 Buttons .............................................. .................................................. ...............................
9.5.5 Class JButton ................................................. .................................................. ......................
9.5.6 Flags .............................................. .................................................. ...............................
9.5.7 Switches ................................................ .................................................. ..................
9.5.8 Fields with a list ............................................ .................................................. ..................
9.5.9 Panels with tabs ............................................ .................................................. ..........
9.5.10 scroll panels ............................................. .................................................. ............

10 applications - assistance in the performance of the first and second laboratory work, the study of Writer and Calc. .................................................. .................................................. .................................. 171.

10.1.LibreOffice ................................................. .................................................. ...............................
10.1.1 Run LibreOffice Writer ............................................ .................................................. .
10.1.2 Text Enter ............................................... .................................................. .......................
10.1.3 Edit text ............................................. .................................................. ...................
10.1.4 Formatting text ............................................. .................................................. ...
10.1.5 Preservation of the document ................................................. .................................................. ....
10.1.6 Using toolbars ............................................ .............................
10.1.7 Adding new features on the toolbar .............................................
10.1.8 Editing text ............................................. .................................................. ....
10.1.9 Parameters of the page ................................................. .................................................. .......
10.1.10 Registration of paragraphs (Paragraphs) .......................................... .....................................
10.1.11 Sections (sections) and ruptures ......................................... .............................................
10.1.13. Insertion in the text ................................................ ...............................................
10.1.14. Formulas ................................................. .................................................. ...................
10.1.15 Styles and formatting ............................................ ...............................................................
10.1.16 Task .............................................. .................................................. ...........................
10.2. Increased spreadsheets LibreOffice Calc ....................................................... .......................
10.2.1 General Online Calc Table LibreOffice Pack ...............................................
10.2.2 Structure of the spreadsheet ............................................ ............................................
10.2.3 Building diagrams ............................................... .................................................. ...........
10.2.4 Task 1. ............................................ .................................................. ...............................
10.2.5 Task 2. .............................................. .................................................. ...............................

1 Laboratory work number 1. LibreOffice.

LibreOffice Writer is a text processor designed to create, view and edit text documents, with the possibility of applying the simplest forms of algorithms in the form of macros. LibreOffice is free independent office package With an open source, developed by the Document Foundation as a branch from the development of OpenOffice.org, which includes the Writer text processor. Pretty detailed information You can find on the LibreOffice package on the site http://help.libreoffice.org/writer/welcome_to_the_writer_help/en.

Any text processor is an application computer program designed for production, including operations of dialing, editing, formatting, printing, any type of printing information. Sometimes a text processor is called a text editor of the second kind.

Text processors in the 1970s - 1980s were called intended for dialing and printing texts of an individual and office use machine, consisting of a keyboard, an embedded computer for the simplest editing of the text, as well as an electrical printing device. Later, the name "Text Processor" began to be used for computer programs designed for similar use. Text processors, in contrast to text editors, have more opportunities to format text, implement graphs, formulas, tables and other objects. Therefore, they can be used not only for a set of texts, but also to create a different kind of documents, including official. Programs for working with texts can also be divided into simple text processors, powerful text processors and publishing systems.

1.1. Launch LibreOffice Writer.

First of all, you need to run the LibreOffice Writer program.

IN depending on the operating system used, for example, Linux or Windows need to act according to the following algorithm, largely it is the same for the specified operating systems:

IN start menu (Windows) Select Programs + LibreOffice and launch WordProcessor LibreOffice Writer or Office Libreoffice, graphic sheath KDE or GNOME Linux You can select the Application Louncher and the Application Louncher and the Office and LibreOffice submenu. When you select LibreOffice, the LibreOffice documents window will open (Figure 1), among which Writer documents in the specified window, Writer documents are marked as Text Document. When the WordProcessor LibreOffice Writer is selected, a window will immediately open with an empty blank document (Figure 2).

Figure 1 - LibreOffice

Figure 2 - Window with document LibreOffice Writer

1.2. Entering text

The main component of documents LibreOffice Writer: letters, notes, posters, business paper - is usually the text. Enter some text to the new Writer document, which opens when you start the program.

one . Enter some offer.

2. Press the ENTER key.

To switch from the Russian keyboard layout into English, you need to press the Ctrl + Shift or Alt + Shift keys - depending on Windows or Linux settings. The keyboard indicator is displayed in the taskbar next to the clock. You can switch the layout

also with the mouse. To do this, click the left mouse button on the indicator and select the desired layout in the menu that appears. To remove the left of the cursor (shimmering vertical dam), press the Backspace key. To delete the Symbol to the right of the cursor, press the Delete key.

Edit text After the initial text entry, you will probably need to change it. let's

let's try to add and then delete text in the document. The cursor shows, in which location of the document will appear characters entered from the keyboard. One time right-click in the document to change the position of the cursor. The cursor can also be moved using the arrow keys.

By default, Writer works in insert mode. This means that when entering the entire text to the right of the cursor shifts to free the place for the new text.

4. Double click onsome word.

5. Press the Delete key.

The existing text will be shifted back and fill the released place.

1.3. Text formatting

1. Left-click on the page field.

2. Click on the Symbols in the menu bar.

3. Select the Font tab (Character).

4. In the Family list (Font Family), select the font with the Liberation Serif name.

5. In the Style list (Style), select Bold (Bold).

6. Scroll to Size (Size) using the scroll bar and select the value

7. In the effects area (Font Effects), select the Shadow checkbox.

8. Click on the OK button.

9. Click anywhere in the document to remove the selection from the text.

In addition, you can compact the font, this is done, for example, so that the text occupy a certain number of pages or a certain amount, if suddenly the resulting volume is greater than the required (position and interval tab, select the rarefied or compacted (scale width)).

The same character parameter page can be selected in the format menu.

In addition, you can separately format paragraphs of paragraphs and pages, they can also be selected in the format menu. Page and paragraphs are considered further.

1.4. Saving a document

Documents must be kept. The frequency of saving the document corresponds to the time that you do not mind spending on the recovery of data lost in the event of a computer failure.

2. Select Save (Save). A dialog box will appear on the screen. Save AS, shown in Figure 3. Writer automatically offers a name for the document (usually Untitled 1). Enter any other name

Figure 3 - LibreOffice File Storage Window (KDE)

3. In the text field, enter the file name (Name) enter the file name.

4. The text you enter will replace the text allocated in the File Name field (Name).

5. In addition, the Backspace keys can also be used to delete text.

and Delete.

6. Open the folder list (Save in) in the top of the dialog box.

7. Select any of your disk or folder.

Suppose you decide to add a few words to your document. How to open it again?

1. Select File (File) in the menu bar.

2. Select Open (Open).

3. Select a disc. Expand the list of folders and files.

4. Click on the Folder's icon.

5. Highlight your document icon

6. Click on the Open button.

Toolbars provide access to some of the most frequently used menu commands. If you have a better mouse than the keyboard, it will be more convenient for you to work with toolbars.

Figure 4 - Type of toolbars

The output of the toolbar on the Word screen contains many toolbars that usually combine buttons related to any big theme, such as tables and borders (Tables and Borders), drawing (Drawing), database (Database) and WebSEL (WEB) .

They can be displayed and removed from it as needed.

1. Right-click on any toolbar or menu bar and select Customize Toolbar. The drop-down list of all panels appears on the screen.

So, the installation package of LibreOffice is obtained from the official site and is successfully installed. Using the familiar "Start" button, launch the program LibreOffice Writer.. What can I do here?

First impression - everything is very similar to MS Word. Sample 2003. The top drop-down menu, in which there is no rigid "ribbon". Dynamic sections of this menu can be missed by the mouse and transfer from one screen to another. A ruler, scaling, a status bar - everything is simple and familiar so much that even causes lunizing. And the first opinion that may appear: LibreOffice Writer may be more powerful notepad, but is clearly weaker than all recognized Word.

Fig. 1 First impression from LibreOffice Writer

We continue to acquaintance

Laped LibreOffice Writer by default creates an empty document on the screen. On this clean sheet and try to dial some text, and then compare the possibilities of free and pay packages.

We see that default settings: Liberation Serif 12 Kell. Without changing anything, we recruit the text:

Fig. 2. First text

Everything is simple and understandable. However, in most text editors, the text set does not represent any complexity. Let's see what can do with the text type LibreOffice Writer..

Pay attention to the two menus: "Standard" and "Formatting". They are active by default and when you first start the program are located at the top of the screen.

Fig. 3. Menu "Standard" and "Formatting"

If these menus are no on site (unlikely, but possible), you must execute the command View → Toolbar. And put the ticks on the strokes standard and formatting.

Fig. 4. Turn on the required menus

Work with text

After examining the menu of a quick look, we find familiar buttons in the "Standard" menu:

• open
• save
• print
• copy
• insert
• cancel action.

And no less familiar tools to work with the text in the "Formatting" menu:

• bold
• italics
• underline
• kehel size
• all types of alignment
• text color and background.

By using these buttons, we recognize that the action of them leads to the same results. Difference only in one: the "background color" button changes the color of the entire paragraph in which the cursor at the moment.

Fig. 5. Formatted text

If you still work with the "Formatting" menu, you can find all the necessary fonts for work. True, most of them work only if they are present in the operating system (however, as for Word). But the styles work great, and barely bothering, you can bring the document to the next sample:

Fig. 6. Work with styles. Install headlines

Similarly, the "Save" and "Open" buttons are also operating here, which write ready-made text for long-term storage and open the previously saved file. The only thing you can stay a little more about - when saving a file, you can use several different formats. And the choice is quite wide here: from "native" ODF. (by default), to the usual DOC and RTF. (for Word). There are even formats TXT. (Notepad) and HTML. (browser).

Fig. 7. We save the text using different formats.

Insert the image into the text

Similarly, as it is in Word, the LibreOffice Writer program allows you to insert text Document Images. And in the same way for this you can use several ways.

• Complete the menu command: Insertion → Image → From File (see drawing)
• Upload a picture directly from the scanner (this is not in Word)
• Use the exchange buffer by copying the file directly from the directory, and clicking on the "Paste" button.

All methods are familiar, and let's not stop on them in detail.

Fig. 8. Insert images into text

It is only worth mentioning that in LibreOffice Writer. There is a complete set of tools for working with an image that allows you to change the location of the picture (on the front and back plan), change the flow around the text (see Figure 9), set a variety of frames. And even tie to images hyperlinks.

Fig. 9 menu for image formatting

We continue to master LibreOffice Writer

On this, it would seem, you can finish. What else needs a wide range of users from a text editor, except for a set of text, formatting it (bold, italic, inclined), the ability to work with images, and also save, open and print the file? But opportunities LibreOffice Writer. much wider standard Set Operations that are necessary for schoolboy or secretary to create simple text files.

While the menu items (so far without going into special details) can be found that LibreOffice Writer. It is possible to create letters and faxes using the "creation wizard". You can connect internal and external sources Data that store information and in the program itself and in external files. You can create tables of any complexity and use the simplest formulas for them. Can be created hyperlinkswhich indicate sections within the document or on external fileswhich can be stored on the local computer and on the Internet servers.

In a word, the user who will choose to work LibreOffice Writer.However, it will not feel impelled in choosing tools to realize their goal.