Laptop Scientific Description. Laptop device - what it consists of

General view

Ø What is a laptop?

Notebook (from English. Notebook. - A notebook PC) - a portable personal computer, in the housing of which the typical components of the PC are combined, including the display, keyboard, as well as rechargeable batteries. Laptops work from the battery, but there is also the possibility of working through the adapters that charge the laptop battery.

Compact computers containing all necessary components (including the monitor) in one small package and, as a rule, folding in the form of a book. Adapted to work on the road, on a small free space. To achieve small sizes, special technologies are used in them: specially designed specialized chips (ASIC), RAM and hard disks of reduced dimensions, a compact keyboard that does not contain a digital field, external power supplies, minimum extension sockets.

Typically, contain developed means of connecting to wired and wireless networks, built-in multimedia equipment (speakers, often microphone and webcam). Recently, the computational power of laptops is not much inferior to a stationary PC, and sometimes exceeds them. Very compact models do not contain a CD / DVD drive.

Through special docks, laptops can turn into desktop PCs: inserting a laptop to such a dock, the user connects to the laptop computing devices external big screenFull-size keyboard, mouse, dynamics and connection ports.

What are the laptops?

Ø First of all, laptops differ in their sizes.

Laptops are distinguished by small size and weight, the battery life of laptops varies from 1 to 6-8 hours.

Netbook (from English. Netbook.) - A small laptop designed to access the Internet and work with office applications. Netbooks are distinguished by compact sizes (screen diagonal 7-10 inches or 17.8-25.4 cm), low weight, low power consumption and relatively low cost.

In size, laptops are classified based on the size of the diagonal of the display:

17 inches and more - "Replacing desktop PC" (Desktop Replacement) 14 - 16 inches - Mass laptops (Special name for this category of laptops are not provided) 11 - 13.3 inches - subnotebooks 7 - 10.2 inches - netbooks. Devices with a screen diagonal less than 7 inches highlight to a special category of "toned computer"

Consider these classifications Read more:

Desktop Replacement 17 inches or more)

Desktop Replacement class laptop (DTR) is designed to replace the desktop PC. In essence, this type of multimedia and business laptops having one key feature - Large screen (with a diagonal of 17 inches or more). Dimensions and weight (3-5 kg.) Such laptops are very significant, which makes them uncomfortable in carrying. However, the relatively large size of the display provides a more comfortable operation of the device body allows you to install powerful components and provide sufficient cooling. A number of manufacturers install in large laptops 2 hard diskwhich are usually combined into a RAID array. DTR laptops, as a rule, have high performance, discrete video card, a large set of connectors, high-quality screen, comfortable keyboard with a separate digital block. The cost of the laptops of this class is in the range from 18,000 to 120,000 rubles.

SubNUOTbook - Laptops with display sizes 11 - 13.3 inches

Such laptops are distinguished by small dimensions and weight, but the small size of the screen reduces the convenience of working with such a device. The dimensions of the subnotebooks do not allow to establish powerful components, as cooling problems arise, therefore mobile processors with reduced power consumption are often used in them (LV or ULV models). The subnotebooks are rarely equipped with discrete graphic adapters, and the optical disk drive is not installed in some models.

Netbooks - Dimensions 7 - 10.2 inches

Term Netbook (Netbook) becomes the same as familiar as the words of the laptop, Laptop. In general, they are all used to designate portable computers. Netbook is a defective laptop. Logic is simple Net. + Note. Book = Netbook.. Netbooks are focused on viewing web pages, work with email and office programs. For these laptops, special energy efficient Intel ATOM processors have been developed. Small screen size, small keyboard and low performance of similar devices is compensated by a moderate price and relatively large battery life. Dimensions do not allow you to install optical disk drive into the netbook, however the Wi-Fi adapter is a mandatory component.

Now the netbook market is growing rapidly and new models appear almost every week. In general, the tendency of netbooks approximation to ordinary laptops For the price, sizes, but unfortunately not by productivity. So if you need a portable workhorse, then look in the direction of ultraportative laptops. Yes, they are significantly more expensive, but they have much more power. Netbook will not help you here.

And the smallest it is -

PDA - Pocket Personal Computer (handheld).

Diagonal of such computers is less than 7 inches.

Personal personal computer Collective name of the class of portable electronic computing devices originally proposed for use as electronic organizers. The English name Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) can be translated into Russian as "personal digital secretary". The CCP is often called the handheld (eng. Handheld.) Due to small sizes. The management of them, as a rule, occurs with a small size and resolution of the screen, sensitive to the press of a finger or a special pen (stylus), and the keyboard and the mouse are missing. Some models, however, contain a miniature fixed or nominated keyboard.

And so we looked at the classifications of laptops in size, the following feature is their internal filling.

Ø Classification of laptops for technical specifications.

For technical specifications, laptops are classified on:

Budget Laptops Laptops Middle Class Business Laptops Multimedia Laptops Game Laptops Mobile Workstation Image Laptops Protected Laptops Laptops With Touch Display Laptops

And so consider this category.

Budget laptops

The diagonal of the budget laptop screen is usually 14-15, "although a number of manufacturers offer models with a diagonal of 17".

Budget laptops - Low price laptops and limited features. Such laptops are based on Intel Celeron M and AMD Mobile Sempron, as well as Intel Core 2 Duo and AMD TURION junior models, sometimes VIA C7 processors are sometimes used. Budget processors often have not better energy efficiency, which adversely affects the battery life of laptops. In a number of superb budget models there is no Wi-Fi adapter.

A special position in a number of budget laptops occupy netbooks with a screen diagonal of 7 - 10.2 inches. These devices were initially designed for the lower price segment, however, their performance and comfort of work is low, and the cost of many models is comparable to conventional budget laptops, which makes them not the best choice On the role of the main computer.

In order to reduce the cost of budget laptops are often supplied without a pre-installed operating system, or with a pre-installed Freedos or OS based on GNU / Linux.

Middle class laptops

The diagonal of the screen of such a device may be any.

Middle class laptops are the most extensive and fairly blurred category of laptops. The laptops of this category do not possess outstanding performance, the video adapter is a built-in or discrete junior series, a processor - initial or medium level. The case of such portable computers is usually made of plastic, a simple design that does not stand out. Operating system in most cases - Windows Vista. Home Basic or Windows Vista Home Premium, also meets Windows XP Home Edition.

Manufacturers usually include middle class models to office and mainstream series, sometimes such portable computers are positioned as "Economy Multimedia Laptops" or even as a "Economy Gaming Laptop" (in this case, the laptop has a medium-level video card and an inexpensive processor. ). Most of the laptops of the DTR category - (replacement of the desktop PC) can also be attributed to the middle class laptops.

Business class laptops.

Business class is laptops for business people. According to its technical characteristics, business laptops are almost similar to the middle class laptops and differ from them mostly strict and concise design, as well as the use of more expensive materials. Business laptops are often related to the categories of subnotebooks (designed primarily for those who often goes on business trips), rarely - to the category DTR (replacement of the desktop PC) (for those who do not need to make a laptop outside the office). Some models are equipped with professional Quadro NVS video cards designed to display information into multiple external displays (data video adapters are certified for corporate applications). Even business netbooks are found (HP 2133 Mini-Note PC). On business laptops as a rule is based on Windows XP Professional Edition or Windows Vista Business.

Multimedia laptops

Multimedia laptops are also a fairly blurred category of laptops.

The size of the diagonal screen of multimedia laptops is 15- 17 inches, multimedia laptops with a smaller diagonal is almost not found, since the small size of the display makes it difficult to perform multimedia functions. Simple multimedia laptops do not differ from the middle class laptops. Sometimes you can find a small screen on the back of the lid, which allows you to view images and video clips without opening a laptop. Quite often occurs the possibility of viewing movies and other multimedia files without loading operating system. Advanced multimedia laptops are equipped with a TV tuner and a remote control remote control As OS, Windows XP Media Center Edition or Windows Vista Home Premium is usually served.

Positioning of a portable PC as "multimedia" depends on the manufacturer. Usually, multimedia laptops include laptops with video cards and middle-class processors, which allows the laptop to use for almost any purposes, including for most computer games.

Game laptops

Game laptops are designed for computer games. The main difference between the game laptop - productive processor and powerful video card. Despite the fact that mobile versions of video cards are inferior to the board, they are able to provide enough comfortable conditions for the game in modern demanding games. Some manufacturers offer laptops with two graphics adapters operating in SLI / CrossFire mode (of course, in the DESKTOP REPLACEMENT class models). Often, gaming laptops have an aggressive design, such models can be attributed to the class Image laptops.

Mobile workstation

Laptops class Mobile workstation are designed for professional work in three-dimensional modeling and CAD programs. The key honors from the mobile workstation from other laptops is the use of mobile versions Professionsonal nVIDIA video cards Quadro FX or ATI FireGL. Usually, a productive processor is installed on such laptops, and the display has a great resolution (up to 1920x1200 on models with a diagonal size of 15.4 - 17 inches diagonally).

Image laptops

Image laptops are allocated among other bright and memorable design. For the manufacture of image enjoying laptops, such materials are often used as steel, aluminum, carbon and other unusual materials. There are models decorated with Swarovski rhinestones. A typical image laptop refers to the subnotebook class, however, the image models occur among the models of all sizes. The class of image laptops sometimes includes some models of game and business laptops. The performance of image laptops can be quite low (compact models), and maybe very high ( MacBook Pro., game laptops asus Lamborgini, Acer Ferrari, etc.)

Protected laptops

Protected laptops ("SUVs") are designed to work in extreme conditions. They have increased resistant to vibration, impact, large dust and humidity, aggressive chemical media, can operate at extreme temperatures. Manufacturers offer models with various security classes. Such laptops are used in the army, rescue services (EMERCOM, firefighters, etc.), can serve as industrial computers, etc. It often similar devices are developed on a special order of state organizations (mainly armed forces). In the protected laptops, special components are used, resistant to external influences. Widespread use of solid hard drives (SSD). The widespread protected laptop prevents their high price and high weight.

Laptops S. touch screen (Tablet laptops)

Touchscreen laptops are a hybrid of a tablet PC and a laptop, so such computers are also called tablet laptops. From the tablet PC they got a touch screen, and from the laptop the housing with a full-fledged keyboard. Positioning such portable computers depends on the manufacturer, some include the data of the device to laptops, others - to tablet computers. As a rule, the display on such laptops is swivel, which significantly expands the functionality of the device and allows you to use it both as a laptop and as a full-fledged tablet computer. The diagonal of the tablet laptop screen usually does not exceed 15 inches, the performance is quite average. These features are associated with high cost and relatively large power consumption of sensory panels.

The advantage of such laptops to other categories of laptop computers is the ability to enter information directly on the screen, and in front of the tablet PC - a full-fledged keyboard that allows you to score large volumes of text without any problems. The main disadvantages are the cost and relatively low performance of such devices. The disadvantages can also be attributed to the smaller reliability of the swivel hinge (compared to the traditional

A little about laptops

Laptop is a laptop computer. It can have all the functions of an ordinary stationary computer, but always has an important advantage over it: a laptop is a portable computer that can be used anywhere and during transportation. The laptop can be powered by its own batteries and from the network adapter. Now the increasing number of people buy laptops as a substitute for regular portable computers. Of the advantages of the laptop, they are attracted to a small size and weight with full functionality, the possibility of easy to carry a computer and a mobile office organization, unmarried health-free and absolutely flat LCD display, small energy consumption, the possibility of autonomous operation. The laptop is not much more expensive than a stationary computer with a decent monitor, and if you consider that separately LCD displays are now very expensive, the laptop becomes an excellent purchase. For a businessman laptop - a great way to gain independence and be in touch with the outside world with the help of the Internet, wherever he is. The laptop is the element of prestige (like a cell phone and digital voice recorder): a businessman without a laptop - is it a real businessman? :)

Display - the most important part of the laptop

Optimal for continuous working with a laptop is the size of the LCD dispersion from 10 to 15 inches. Considering the fact that the real size of the screen (working area) at the LCD displays is greater than that of the usual electrical monitors of the same size, as well as the fact that the user is usually closer to the laptop screen than to the usual monitor (look at the flat neurman LCD - Dyspalsy much more pleasant!), Even 13 inches of the LCD displays corresponds to about a 15-inch CRT monitor. The image quality depends on the technology of a liquid crystalline screen: TFT, DSTN, and others. Technology TFT (Active matrix) provides the highest image quality: high contrast, sharpness and clarity. DSTN technology (Passive Matrix) Currently also provides sufficient image resolution and contrast, but you can only look at this screen at one angle: from the user side, but not on the side (on the other hand, it's even an advantage: no one will look at you with a secret In the screen besides you yourself). The advantage of DSTN technology is primarily much lower than TFT, price, and also, often lower power consumption. The main drawback of the passive matrix is \u200b\u200bthe blurring of the image when the image is moving on the display. With a fixed image, see the difference between the active and passive matrix is \u200b\u200bquite difficult.

Choose a laptop according to your needs!

Almost all the laptops produced today are supplied with a floppy drive, all the necessary ports. Many new models have a CD-ROM, some models have a DVD-ROM. Some models have a built-in modem to work on the Internet. Almost everything is a connector for connecting an external monitor (to use this advantage, you need to have a very high-quality monitor!), TV-OUT output to display the image to the TV screen (you can use to create presentations). Built-in infrared (IRDA) port allows laptop to communicate with many devices (from printers to cell phoneshaving this feature) without wires. USB connector also makes it easier to connect peripheral devices. PCMCIA slot (I, II, III) in your laptop will allow you to set many in the future various devices: network card, modem, TV tuner, hDD, additional modules memory, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, etc. If you buy a laptop computer, you buy it for a long time: the possibilities of modernization are limited, and the acquisition of additional components is related to the problem of their proper Installation and settings. So choose a laptop with the parameters and functions that you need now, and which can come in handy in the future. Finding the appropriate memory for a laptop, produced several years ago, is quite problematic. When choosing a laptop, buyers often face the problem of lack of funds due to the fact that you always want the best :) However, in many cases it is worth a compromise: if you are going to use a laptop mainly to work with office applications (Word, Excel, PowerPoint , FrontPage) and sometimes check e-mail and wander on the Internet, then you should not chase for crazy performance: for these purposes it may well be a model not with the most recent processor :)

What is a "discounted laptop"

The discounted laptop is primarily the winnings in price. Usually such a laptop costs at least half a cheaper than the same new model. Many laptops from the "Discarded laptops" section have the appearance and condition of absolutely new devices (although it is possible, some of them - used, who have passed pre-sale preparation. When we bring them to our customers, they are often surprised: "This is absolutely new laptop! ", Although we warn them in advance that the laptop may have (with attentive inspection) visible damage to the type of small scratches. About the status specific model Learn on the phone. We are sure that you will like the laptop brought by us, but remember that the order of the goods does not oblige you to buy it if he does not suit you. Before delivery, all laptops are thoroughly tested by our experts: we sell only 100% workable models, because Our reputation is important to us. All laptops have modern design. Your acquaintances are unlikely to determine that this laptop is not the most last model. The greatest advantage of new laptops is a much longer warranty period. Is it worth the difference in price - to solve you. Some experts believe that buying tested laptops is more reliable than absolutely new.

The answer is simple: Most likely, you need a laptop! Just like most users spending a considerable part of the time.

This requires a clear and intelligible argument. Moreover, it is often not so much to explain the need for such an acquisition. potential buyer The laptop, perfectly aware, why and why he needs a laptop computer, how much of his surrounding, for example, parents or wife, who usually believe that the same $ 1000-1500 is better to spend on something more, in their opinion, useful ...

So: Why do you need a laptop? It will make it more efficient to use its resources. The most obvious and significant argument - saving timeHowever, this is not the only plus. A laptop computer takes a much less place in the apartment or office and cheaper to use, etc.

13-15 years ago, a similar argument was given in favor of buying a homeproof computer, which was then considered a tool for a narrow circle of professionals (a system of decent for that configuration time was much more expensive modern computer - both in absolute figures, and in comparative terms). In those years, computers were often established in offices, appeared in educational institutions and scientific institutions, but there were still exotic in the apartments.

The need to have a desktop computer at the then for many was not so obvious how to buy a laptop today. Therefore, breaking your head in search of a response to the question "Why is the computer home?" It accounted for not only salon consultants.

The main benefit was, however, is obvious: the availability of a computer at home allows not to be tied to machines in the office, a scientific or educational institution (do not forget: Internet cafes then existed only in fantastic novels). A student who has a computer at home did not need to spend time waiting for a place in the computer class. Scientists have received a unique chance to carry out all the calculations at any time and check their hypotheses immediately, and not after a few hours or even days.

The home computer also allowed extracurricly to work at the weekend: it's nice when you don't need to go to the office, spending two or three hours on the road back and forth, and to persuade the authorities to issue a skip and permission to use government techniques. A significant plus was the opportunity to take part-time at home, and not linger after work, waiting for colleagues at home and cease to show curiosity to your actions at the computer.

A list of situations in which the home computer makes it possible with greater flexibility to dispose of its working time, has not changed almost unchanged since.

However, today the computer is not only a business tool. Its presence has become a necessary condition for both working time optimization and leisure organization, as well as for creativity and expansion of the horizons.

Thanks to the possibility of connecting to local networks and the Internet computer has become a recognized means of communication, and home system became relevant for presence in blog services, use of Internet pagers and e-mail, chat conversations, communications in thematic conferences, etc. In addition, the computer provides all the conditions for surfing on the Internet and search for information, as well as for self-expression Virtual means, including the placement of their poems, drawings, Flash-cartoons or digital photos on special sites or own webpage.

Relatively recently, the computer has become the center of the home digital universe: it is used for games, recording and listening to musical compositions (and with high sound playback), storage and viewing photos and videos (from MPEG-4 to DVD and HDTV), installation of amateur films and exchange data with various mobile digital devices, such as pocket personal computers, cell phones, smartphones, dictaphones, MP3 players, video and cameras.

Thus, the computer (and stationary, and portable) allows a person with greater efficiency to use his own time. However, the laptop has a number of additional benefits!

The laptop opens the inaccessible stationary system of time saving.For example, late in the evening you planned to spend another hour or two for a computer, while other family members already want to sleep. It doesn't matter whether you are doing or entertainment: you work with documents or surfing the Internet, watch the film or play, communicate in chat or ICQ. The essence is one: today you have free time, and tomorrow - no!

If there is a stationary system, the conflict is inevitable: few users have home at their disposal an office or a separate room where you can sit in front of the monitor at night, without interfering with anyone. The owner of the laptop without any special problems can be located in the kitchen or loggia or even go outside and safely work or have fun at the computer, without delivering any inconvenience (Fig. 1.1). Early evening, for example, you can now spend with children, and when they fall asleep, calmly sit at the computer and work (or play) where the light and knock on the keys do not interfere with children's rest.

Fig. 1.1.Laptop will allow you to work anywhere

As a result, you wins an hour-and-a half and a month runs day or different for active life: trips outside the city, sports, meetings with friends and much more, which is outside the computer world!

The laptop allows you to free a few square meters in the apartment.For mobile system, unlike stationary, do not need a permanent place; An unused laptop computer can be closed and put, for example, on a bookcover. The cost of square place in the apartment is very high. A simple calculation shows that by buying a laptop and thereby freeing a few places in your own apartment, you are more than compensate for the cost of purchasing such a computer.

The life of a modern person does not boil down to staying at home and in the office: we often go on business trips, carry out work on the territory of the customer, traveling, in the summer we leave for the city (for example, to the country). Getting used to the computer, it will be difficult for you to do without it. In some cases, it is necessary for efficient work, in others - for the usual communication, leisure or creativity.

Stationary computer will not carry a stationary computer. In addition, it is not adapted for autonomous work. The laptop, which is not difficult to take with you, will allow anytime and anywhere (even in the absence of electricity) and check the mail, and to watch the film, and work with documents. In addition, going on a business trip or to the customer, the happy owner of the laptop computer will always have the necessary documents, programs and means of access to corporate resources.

In some cases, the laptop opens up new opportunities for creativity. For example, it will be an excellent help for users who actively remove a digital photo or video camera, not only for professional photographers, but also for lovers. First of all, the laptop is a mobile data storage. Memory cards to which the camera records files, at best, is enough for 3-4 hundred photographs with a maximum resolution or 20-30 minutes of video good quality. This is quite enough within the apartment, but too little on vacation or at the plenier, from where photographers are traditionally brought by hundreds of images, and amateur operators are many hours of videos. As practice shows, an increase in the volume of new memory cards is compensated by an increase in files generated by new chambers - the sensing dimensions grow, and the video requirements are growing. Acquire several memory cards unprofitable, since their cost is quite high. Specialized storage devices also do not call cheap. In addition, the capabilities of the mobile computer are not reduced to storage and transfer of files: With it, you can view and handle pictures, lay out new photos on the home web page, send to friends, publish on photosites and write to the CD.

Users that understand the benefits of laptops, have long begun to look close to portable computer systems. And this is right: today there are such a large number of various models of laptops on the computer market, that the choice of a portable computer is not difficult.

What is a laptop for a modern person? This is such a thing without which it is easy not to do. It is he who helps to perform a lot of tasks very quickly, replacing a whole set of other devices. But few know about such an important thing everything is required. So, consider what a laptop is (definition will be given just below), what are its functions, capabilities and an internal device. So, let's begin!

What is a laptop: definition

Etymology of this word is easy. What is a laptop, it is easy to understand. Everything is clear if you know English. Translated into Russian, this word means "Notepad". Usually a person in his organizer writes a lot of things in need, draws and uses for its business needs. The most important thing is that he is always with me, and at any time you can look into it and learn something that has already been forgotten. So, the laptop has similar parameters. It is intended for the business needs of the owner. And most importantly - its portability and independence. No need to constantly sit near the current source. Portable and independent personal computer - this is exactly what is the answer to the question of what a laptop is.

Laptop functions

Laptop, like all devices, must perform certain tasks. In its essence, it is the same personal computer, more compact and non-volatile (at least within a few hours). Even all the components and the inner structure are the same as the PC.

It can be processed and creating documents. Fortunately helps the standard installed Microsoft package. Also, the laptop allows you to quickly enter World Wide Web. You can connect the cable directly or use special Wi-Fi-Routers. Very convenient: you are sitting in a cafe with a cup of hot coffee and you work. That's what a laptop is always a quick way to process data and log in anywhere.

Differences of laptops from PC

What is a laptop and what it differs from the usual is a small copy of the second, which has few other features. Well, let's start immediately to the differences.

You can immediately select a feature for which these two devices differ - envelope. That laptop is much less desktop computer, I can immediately. This consists of one of the main advantages of one before the other. Thanks to his small size, it is possible to work for a laptop even on the road, to transport it to another city or to wear with you, so that it was at hand. A clear case, PC even move to another room problematic with its wires, monitor, various devices and the system unit itself. Therefore, in the Mobility category, laptops have no equal.

Another nice plus - no need to connect additional attachments. In the laptop, everything is built in: both the screen, and the keyboard, and even the mouse (touchpad). Without all this, an ordinary desktop will not be just useless, but even a burden. This category also applies autonomous work In remote locations without access to the electrical network and quick Internet connection via wireless networks. Therefore, another plus game goes into a piggy bank of miniature computers.

Minuses of laptops

But despite all these advantages, there are these devices and disadvantages. The essential minus of all laptops is small power. In this case, they are simply incompatible with ordinary desktop computers. Even if the game laptop (which means that it has the highest possible parameters), then it pulls in power only on the middle PC. But this is also a controversial question, those who need to simply work with documents, a powerful laptop is simply not needed.

Replace some particular element in the device will not be so easy. Compared to computers, where everything is simple and understandable, in laptops (especially in cheap models) sometimes it is impossible to replace some kind of broken item. Therefore, you need to use such devices extremely neat.

What is hibernation in a laptop?

Each device has its own interesting functions. The usual user will ask: what is hibernation in a laptop? Yes, the word is interesting. The function itself is not very popular. There are few people know about her. This is added that it is not in all laptops it is. That is, the function exists, but in order for it to appear in the "Start" menu, you need to register a specific code through the command period. By the way, exactly the same way can be removed this feature From the menu.

Some confuse hibernation and sleep mode. Yes, in fact, they are similar among themselves and serve for the same. Only this is the differences: sleep mode involves the operation of the device on low electricity consumption. In this state, the battery can work up to twelve hours. In the device can save a charge for a longer period. How does he work? Everything is very simple: the system creates an image of RAM and saves it on the disk with (so you need to have enough space on it). Then the electricity consumption is simply stopped. You can even pull the plug out of the outlet. When the laptop suddenly need, you can withdraw it from this state.

Plus, in contrast to the usual load, which lasts about one minute, it is already possible to work after ten seconds, and the effect will be such as if the laptop did not turn off (everything is saved). Energy consumption during the stay in the hibernation mode there is no. The function itself is not very needed for ordinary users PC. It can only be useful for programmers or very busy people, but there are very few of them. After all, it is not too lazy to spend only one minute download and one more to open other files.

Touchpad, or touchpad

In a laptop? This is one of the surprises in such computers. Thanks to him, the laptop does not require an additional mouse connection. You can use the touch panel, as in the phone. Some even more convenient to apply the touchpad, and not a mouse. In places where there is not much place (in the car, minibus, small café) is the easiest to use it. Now it is clear what a touchpad in a laptop.

Chipset

What is the bridge in the laptop? Usually, ordinary users do not even think about the existence of any bridges in their device. However, such a term can hear those people who treated a breakdown in service center. There they can say that the northern or southern bridge burned down: you have to change the motherboard. Such words put in a dead end of the average user, for he does not know what the northern bridge is in the laptop and why it is needed.

And really, why is it needed? First you need to know in the laptop. Such a strange word is called the Northern and South Bridges together. Together they are responsible for the work of the components of the motherboard. Have a lot of tasks. That is why he is so important. Its replacement is not possible, because it is embedded in the motherboard. This node is responsible for compatibility and the operation of the so-called Ram Memory (Operative), CPU and Video Adapter. It also performs other tasks. Due to the fact that such chipics hung a lot of tasks (and not the easiest), it is very overheating. For him, even sometimes a miniature cooler is installed, but most often a simple passive radiator. Its temperatures of degrees are thirty more than the southern bridge or another node of the motherboard. Excessive overheating or overload will simply kill it, so the North Bridge and breaks so often at the laptop.

South Most

The South Bridge is a smaller northern fellow. He also fails quite often. All because for this node is not expected to cool, unlike the North. As a rule, "takes on strike" and does not allow the laptop to die. Frequent cause The failure of this node is overheating or short-circuit USB connector: it just burns out.

Laptops are mobile computers. They came to our lives relatively recently. Such mobile computers allow you to move over long distances and perform work. Especially where there is no electrical network, it will always help a laptop. To date, the battery charge allows him work 8 hours without recharging.

What is a laptop

How did the meaning of the word laptop know not all. Translated from English Notebook means notepad or notebook. Another names are mobile computers - Laptop. This name is given from the English "LAP" - the knees of the Sitting man, "Top" - the top, knee pad. Weptopami are called laptops, smartbooks, netbooks.

Laptop is a portable mobile devicewhich installed the same spare parts with a personal computer. Only they are reduced at times. It has a hard disk on which the user stores its data, rAM, processor, video card, monitor or screen, keyboard, touchpad instead of a mouse and charger battery.

Mobile devices are different By weight, in size, by type. The charge of the battery makes it possible to use the device from 5 to 8 hours.

The first laptop was invented and created in 1982., NASA. The engineer was called William Mogridge.

These mobile devices Performs the same tasks and functions as personal computers. For the price such devices are much more expensive than PC. If the PC and Laptop are one price, then the latter will definitely lose significantly in performance. Also a laptop can be used as multimedia entertainment station When connecting to the home TV.

Types of laptops and their classification

Laptops are classified on the screen diagonal, by purpose and in cost. Consider the types of laptops.

The small monitor of eleven or thirteen inches distinguishes such mobile devices from all others. Since they cannot be installed good and massive cooling, processors in them are used with reduced power consumption, without discrete video cards. And this means that they do not shine good performance. Such devices are suitable for office work.

Ultraportative (ultrabooks)

Such devices used on the road. Processors installed on them also with low power consumption. Screens size from 9 to 12 inches. Without discrete cards. However, at a price, they are significantly more expensive than the usual with average performance.

Such laptops are designed to view web pans, mail, work with Microsoft Office. Here processors are higher class than in the already types of laptop types. By price Comfortable for the budget wallet. From the advantages you can add the availability of Wi Fi. Of disadvantages - No optical drive.

Lapp for middle class

The size of the screens of such devices can be completely different. Have middle performance, have a discrete video card of the younger generation. The housing is made of plastic. Installed modern Windows OS. They fall into the category "To replace a personal computer."

Laptopes for business class

Such devices almost no different from middle class laptops. The housing is made of metal and other expensive materials. Stylish design, built-in and discrete video card. Sometimes Quadro NVS is used - graphic adapter To work in engineering programs such as CAD. They are installed before Windows.

Multimedia

The size of the screen of such laptop computers ranges from 15 to 19 inches. Often the screen is built on the back of the cover, which allows you to watch clips, movies without opening a computer. Models of this category sometimes equipped TV tuner. The processor and video card are used from middle class laptops. On such devices recommended play gamesthat are not demanding to ultra-modern settings.

Game laptops

Of course, such portable devices possess not one, and two powerful video cardsconnected via SLI Bridge. CROSSFIRE mode is present. Equipped powerful processors and RAM. Possess aggressive, but in their beautiful design. Designed for avid gamers. Cost morethan all of the above.

Rest - tablet (or touch screen), protected (used in army purposes as "SUVs"), image, in size, no difference from the above described. Only one is decorated with diamonds or jewels, others are made of armor-piercing material, they use SSD storage stable SSD drives. In terms of cost, all these models are expensive, but correspond to the described class and performance, and in reliability. Only at the tablet there is one drawback - this weak productivity, Malaya strength.

What is the difference from the computer

The key difference from the desktop computer is portability. The next factor is the difference low weight and sizes. Using Wi Fi without additional equipment. Have their own keyboard and touchpad that replaces the mouse. Do not need food from the mains for some time. These are the advantages of differences.

TO disadvantages It is worth considering the high cost and low productivity of many budget models.

Laptop device - what it consists of

First of all, that the user sees when the laptop buys is a housing. Usually it is made of durable elasty With a metal cord around the perimeter, to protect against accidental breakage.

In the upper part of the laptop placed screen matrix, Wi Fi devices, speakers, camera. Inside lower part The keyboard, touchpad, loops and elements for work are placed. These include:

• MotherboardAnd on it all the following.
• CPU - Computer's brain - and cooling system. Without it, the processor and the whole laptop will simply overheat and will soon be out of order.
• Oz. It is usually installed 1 or 2 bar, depending on the number of connectors. Together with the processor is responsible for the speed of the Lapplet.
• HDD HDD or SSD, which is connected to motherboard Using the SATA interface.
• Video card Responsible for displaying the image screen.
• Optic DVD ROM.
• Inputs for USB, input to connect the power cord.
• Accumulator battery.

Everything interacts with each other in a strict sequence. In fact, the principle of operation itself does not differ from the stationary computer.

Advantages and disadvantages

One of the main advantages is portability. Laptops are not inferior personal computers on the this moment. But if something breaks in it, with the exception of RAM's planks, HDD or SSD, keyboard, then most often better buy new Laptop rather than spending on parts. It is hard enough to find, and if there are specialists, they will cost as half a new one.

Otherwise, this is a modern laptop computer. In order for it to not go out for a long time, it is recommended to follow some rules.

How to use to extend the service life

In no case do not put it back on the flat surface Sofa, armchairs, tables. The laptop is purchased special podstavka For cooling with coolers inside. Then it will not overheat strongly, since the air circulation will be enough for the required cooling.

Do not sit down On him, do not put anything, do not drink tea or coffee for a laptop. When you first start, let it discharge and off, connect to the charger. Let it be fully charged.

Once a year we carry on preventive work to specialists. The thermalcase on the processors connecting it with the cooler dries faster than on the computer. Yes, and dust is clogged into it more.

If you follow these simple rulesYour laptop will serve you a long good service.