entranceIs it possible to restore the sectors on the hard disk. HDD Regenerator - We are looking for and restore broken sectors on Winchester
Bought sectors are found almost at all HDD. Especially on those that are actively used for a long time. Sometimes the problem comes out from under control and turns into a real catastrophe, destroying all data on HDD in any sections. To this not happen, find out how to recover broken sectors hard disk At home.
What are broken sectors and why do they appear?
Submit a Bad unit in the form of a book with the last chapter. You can finish it until a certain point. But as soon as the gap will meet, you will not be able to finish reading. HDD also works. The magnetic head reads information within the track, but on some kind of site there is a damaged surface or an empty bit of information, which leads to the impossibility of extracting information to the end.
Almost all hard drives have broken sections. It may be one or more, and in most cases it is not scary. But over time they are becoming more and more, and they make it difficult to operate with information on HDD. Such sections can be revealed by scanning a hard disk on bat sectors with special utilities.
The reasons for the appearance of the BAD sectors can be a lot:
- drive or use in incorrect conditions;
- recording recording by turning off the power;
- overheating and temperature jumps;
- natural wear of heads and writing disk;
- subcase products.
Immediately you can separate broken sectors on non-stipped and restored. First include those that are caused by a blow or overheating. They are destroyed once and are not subject to recovery, and information, as a rule, disappears irrevocably. The second type of BAD sectors appears as a result of the recording process break. They can be reanimated by conventional disk overwriting.
Over time, the speed of recording and reading can decrease. And after a small drop in your laptop, the disk can also refuse to work. Everything would be really bad, do not be able to regenerate the Bad blocks. The fact is that hard drives have a certain backup area, and therefore potentially greater volume than declared in the check. You can use an excess place to transfer content to it from damaged areas. How to recover broken hard disk sectors thus indicated below.
Danger close
It is possible to notice the problem not only after the hard disk failure, but also at the initial stages. Alert stands after the following signs:
- fell the recording / reading speed of the disk;
- unusual noise is heard at the time of handling HDD;
- began to overheat;
- subjected to mechanical effects;
- the system is often falling off, and when you start, the chkdsk is launched.
As a rule, these reasons indicate the beginning of your HDD. In order not to lose the data, the first good solution will be backup. Transfer everything files On another computer, flash drive, disk, and if possible, configure synchronization with the cloud.
Most modern hard drives are checked for broken sectors themselves, without user intervention. It is good, and bad because you cannot affect the elimination of Bad blocks and learn about their appearance on system sections.
When to scan?
Scan hDD It is possible for errors with some periodicity, which depends on the frequency of use of the computer and is calculated individually. Someone holds a scheduled computer once a month, someone - once every six months.
To do this, you can use system utilities or programs to restore the battered hard disk sectors. Conduct scanning immediately after detecting the problems listed above.
Scanning by regular means
Starting with Windows 8, the system itself can scan discs on the schedule and thereby extend the operation of the HDD. You can configure the scan schedule at the address: "My computer" / "Management" (in the main menu, the tab will appear when the section will be active). IN Windows Check Hard disk on broken sectors can be implemented by a regular CHKDSK program. The utility can be launched in several ways:
The work is not fundamentally different, so consider the first option:
- Open the command prompt on the administrator. Right-click on the Start menu icon or simply in the lower left corner on Windows 8 and select from the list " Command line (administrator)".
- If you want to scan a non-system drive, enter the command with CHKDSK / F / R keys to scan and immediately correct the entire disk, and CHKDSK D: / F / R - to correct only the D section or any other of the available. Additionally, you can enter the / x key to disable the verified volume on the scan time. If the working disk is diagnosed, the program will offer to reboot to perform work without entering the system.
- If the CHKDSK finds errors in the used sections, it will be offered to reboot and correct the sectors before the system is launched.
To display all parameters, enter Help CHKDSK. A list appears in which all available keys with explanations will be visible. You can use any combination at your discretion if you understand the essence of what is happening and possible consequences. Upon completion of scanning, all data on the operation will be displayed in the log.
Third-party programs
In addition to the built-in CHKDSK, to correct broken sectors on the hard disk you can use third-party programs. There is a lot of software that can restore damaged sections.
Among popular free software, I would like to highlight Victoria. This program for restoring the battered hard disk sectors is well known and at one time was very popular with the masters. The Victoria program is capable of working in both the window and in DOS mode, which allows it to use it even on dead systems to restore information.
Victoria interface
The program is perfect for recovering battered hard disk sectors. Victoria is designed rather for experienced users, since it practically does not contain an interface and does not even have a crack in the kit. But it does not interfere with it to work correctly with iron and file systems.
Settings, switches and different numbers are quite a lot, and, opening the program for the first time, it can be difficult to navigate. But, following the instructions below, let's find out how to restore broken sectors on the hard disk.
Testing and analysis
In the SMART tab of this program, you can quickly evaluate the general state of the disk. Score is based on analysis different valuesshown in the table. You can also view the state of each parameter separately.
For easy testing, go to the Tests tab. Settings in each section are quite a lot, so it is possible to leave everything for the initial analysis. Click the Start button and wait for testing. Complete testing of the hard disk on broken sectors takes a long time. Therefore, you can safely leave testing for the night and go to sleep.
Additionally, the speed schedule or color indication of the sectors is located. Switch the view can be the Grid flag near the timer.
Correction of sectors
If there is no time to wait a few time checks, then after evaluating the state, you can immediately begin the treatment of broken sectors of the hard disk. To overwrite the blocks of Victoria uses the Remap method. It reassigns the Bad blocks to normal, from the backup disk space. To heat the broken sectors, do the following:
During checking in the log, all the errors and report on the accepted measures will be displayed. In the same place, it is indicated at which area of \u200b\u200bthe disk problems were discovered.
How to cut?
Often, broken partitions prevail at the beginning or at the end of the disk. Immediately visits the thought: "And if you do not use space with bat sectors?" Yes, you can cut it and no longer use it. To find out which section of the disk space is better cut off, so you can:
FROM system disk It is worth working only in DOS mode until the OS is loaded. While the backup or restored can be placed directly from under Windows. This method is good for HDD large volume. But it does not help whether to recover broken partitions on the hard disk, as it happens in the Repair process.
Prevention
So that the hard drive is not "dying" in your hands, it is advisable to spend some prevention. Depending on the type of equipment.
If you have a laptop:
- try not to hit it;
- do not shake much, especially during working hours;
- do not expose to vibrations or drops of temperatures.
If you have desktop computer:
- do not place system unit in raw place;
- do not overheat the components;
- although the HDD itself is sealed, the board may be damaged by a dust layer, so get rid of it;
- install additional cooling on the hard disk if the computer is actively used or the hard disk is unable to cool yourself.
The useful means of prophylaxis for all hard drives will be defragmentation. It has a lot of programs for both regular and third-party programs.
Now you know how to restore broken sectors on your hard disk and maybe even be able to save valuable information On it when problems occur.
14.10.2018
Restoring the failure sectors of the hard disk. How to restore failure sectors on hard disks
e causes developers to think through the storage of data to the smallest detail. However, in the conditions of real operation of the device, all their tricks do not help.
Why spoil sectors
The principle of operation of the mechanical hard drive is very simple. There are several round magnetic plates. On them "run" reading heads and are looking for the necessary information. When the hard disk mechanism is subjected to vibration or sharp impacts, microscopic scratches may occur on the disk surface. This leads to a damage of sectors and loss of data - programs, books, music or films.
No matter how carefully you are operated on the PC, the crash sectors can still appear on the hard disk.
If Winchester has worked for several years, his tightness can break. Any dusting inward is the potential cause of failed sectors.
Add a voltage jump here, sharp PC shutdowns and just incorrectly handling a computer and the reasons for damage will become much more.
Is there a way out
If failed sectors appear, you do not need to panic and urgently change the "iron". There are ways to either mark distressed places so that they do not create problems in the future. Or fix damage with some special programs.
When failed sectors appear, there are two ways to use your own system or third-party program.
The simplest thing you can do is to start checking the surface of the discs. To do this, you need to right-click on the failed logic section, select "Properties", then the "Service" tab and "Check", putting the checkbox "Check and restore damaged sectors". The system scans the disk, will find errors and either return the sector to the working condition, or mark them as failed so that the reading heads bypass their side and did not create "brakes" in operation.
For more "advanced" users, you can recommend the HDD-REGENERATOR program. It works on a physical level and helps to cope with the problem where the full-time disk check program is useless. The regenerator conducts deep work and in most cases returns the sectors to normal. You will not lose data and significantly increase the life of the Winchester.
There are many other programs, even such, to understand which only real "hackers" are capable or users with experience. However, in most cases there are enough of the two products described above. They are tested by time and helped in many difficult cases.
What is broken sectors or bade blocks
The bits of the hard disk sectors are called the sectors when trying to read which for different reasons errors occur, for example, due to the malfunction of the magnetic head unit, errors during recording (inconsistency of the data and the CRC checksum), surfaces of the surface, damage to the inner firmware of the hard disk (P and g sheets, defect sheets) and others. When the hard disk appears on the hard disk, the disk slows down or does not even open.
Access to data on such a disk is possible when connected to a specialized software and hardware complex (DATA EXTRACTOR EXPRESS) are used in DATARC). This toolkit allows you to carefully (to prevent the appearance of new BEDs of the blocks) to consider intact areas, and then repeatedly read the problem areas. In some cases, the recreation of disk defects or even replacing the magnetic head unit is required.
How the BED blocks are manifested
Possible symptoms:
- no files or folders have stopped reading;
- part of the data is not displayed;
- - does not open, requires formatting;
- the disk "slows down", "freezes", is defined for a long time in the BIOS or does not work at all.
As a rule, the user notices the alarming symptoms when the Bad blocks on the disk are already a lot. To identify the problem at an early stage, you can only with the help of diagnostic programs, for example, Victoriabut the average user does not apply them.
The status of the disk with the bits sectors is worsening if it continues to work with standard software. The number of Bad blocks will increase, and multiple unsuccessful reading attempts undertaken by such a disk, as a rule, lead to the failure of the magnetic head unit.
To work with "slaughtered" discs, which are considered physically defective devices, our specialists use the latest software and hardware complexes PC-3000EXPRESS + DataExTractor.
With their help, you can access the contents of the disk, with which you cannot work standard software. Special tools allow you to subtract the contents of all unauthorized disk space sectors, and then proceed to improved recovery quality. To do this, in a special mode, multiple attempts to read data from Bad blocks are manufactured, most of them are successful.
Thus, data on disk with unreadable BED sectors can be restored either completely or with minimal losses.
What is the complexity of works with BAD blocks
When performing such works, the most valuable resource is the time to which the channel of expensive equipment will be occupied. Unreadable sectors on the disk are one of the problems that require a lot of time to obtain a qualitative result.
We guarantee the highest possible time of work, relying on the high level of professionalism of our specialists. This is achieved by choosing the optimal for everyone. specific case Methods and data recovery modes. Continuous investments in the purchase of new equipment and an increase bandwidth laboratory.
Combined problems
The most common accompanying diagnosis for disks with unreadable sectors is destruction of a logical structure. Unopened partitions, the lack of folders or files (the main symptoms of the problem) is a consequence of the fact that, partially occurring in the broken sectors, the file system was damaged. In such cases, with the sectorially obtained with the help software and hardware complexThere is still a job, as with a disk with logical destruction. That is, experts produce further recovery using special programs.
Logical destruction of the file system caused by unreadable sectors or dialing blocks, in no case cannot be corrected by type procedures Checkdisk. or fSCK.. They only worsen the situation and complicate the further work of professionals
Specialists in restoring hard drives with unreadable sectors
How we are working
Delivery
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Diagnostics
quick and free
restoration
on professional equipment
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quality and Fullness Recovery
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How much does the hard disk restore?
| Description of the problem | Cost |
| Copying data from a serviceable medium (without data recovery) | 2000 p. |
| Creating a sectoral copy of a serviceable carrier | 2000 p. |
| "Logics" (Delete, Formatting, Partition Magic / Acronis / Ghost Errors, Windows Reinstalling, Files / Folders disappear, viruses, requests to format, disappeared section, file system RAW, etc.) | from 3 000 r. |
| Unreadable sectors | from 6 000 r. |
| Controller malfunction | from 3 000 r. |
| Malfunction of the magnetic head unit | from 12 000 r. |
| Sharp magnetic heads | from 6 000 r. |
| Wedge spindle | from 15 000 r. |
| Problems with firmware (service information) | from 3 000 r. |
| Damage to pancakes (scratches / washed) | from 40 000 r. |
Restoring BAD Sectors HDD - Task for specialists. First, the disk test is performed for system errors. Depending on the causes of their occurrence, the restoration of the hard disk sectors can be made in two directions - if it is impossible to read the data due to the inconsistency in it and the amounts at the end of the sector and in the case of physical damage to the sectors.
In the first case, you need to record new checksums. In the second case, it will be necessary to make a new physical address in the backup area, the logical address will remain the same. Such an option to restore broken sectors HDD leads to a decrease in the speed of reading files, which is associated with moving magnetic heads to the reserve area. Such correction is recommended in the presence of a small number of broken sectors that have to redirect.
The restoration of the damaged HDD is often a long and painstaking work that can return to life, it would seem forever lost data.
In order to save time and obtain a positive result, the restoration of the HDD sectors of the hard disk is recommended only in the presence of special knowledge, skills and sufficient software and hardware tools.
FAQ - popular questions in the broken sectors
Have questions?
Leave the phone and the manager will call you back
Hard disk is a tiny piece of disk space, which will break during work. This sector does not respond to read or write requests.
Bied sectors may occur both on traditional magnetic hard drives and on modern solid-state SSD drives. There are two types of damaged sectors - some arise as a result of physical disk damage and cannot be corrected, others - as a result of software errors and can be corrected.
Types of broken sectors
There are two types of broken sectors. They are often called "Physical" or "brain teaser" Bied sectors.
Physical broken sectors are the space of a hard disk that is physically damaged. The head of the hard disk could come in touch with a moving pan and damage it or the moisture or dust fell into the disk and climbed it. In the case of SSD discs, broken sectors may occur as a result of wear or overheating by microcircuits, moisture. Bied sectors of this type can not be corrected.
Logic broken sectors are the hard disk space that does not work properly. The operating system attempting to read the data from such a broken sector receives an adjustment error code that does not coincide with the contents of the sector. This means that something went wrong. Such sectors are noted as damaged and Windows More Does not use them for storing information. However, such sections can be restored by rewrite disk with zeros (so-called low-level formatting). Built-in B. Windows utility Disk checks can also correct broken sectors.
Causes of physical sectors
Your hard drive can have broken sectors directly from the factory, it usually concerns cheap Chinese production models. Modern machinery manufacturers are not perfect, so there is an error in everything. That is why SSD is often delivered with several damaged blocks. Such blocks are noted as defective and data moved to additional memory cells of the solid-state drive.
In solid-state drives, broken sectors appear naturally as a result of a large number of recording attempts. The contents of such sectors move to additional SSD memory cells until the memory is exhausted. After that, with the advent of new failures, the storage capacity begins to decrease.
In traditional magnetic hard drives, broken sectors often appear as a result of physical damage. Hard drives may have production errors, moving parts of the disk are subject to natural wear, the disk can be damped, which will lead to the scratching head of magnetic pancakes, air with dust and moisture can get inside the disk and damage the disk.
Causes of programming (logical) failure sectors
Logic broken sectors appear as a result of software errors. For example, if the power supply is turned off or the power cable is turned off at the time of recording to the hard disk of the computer, the data record in the sector is interrupted to the middle of the operation. In most cases, this leads to the emergence of data sectors that do not pass data recording. Such sectors are noted as failed. Viruses and other malicious software can also cause system errors and the appearance of broken sectors.
Lost data as a result of hard disk error
In reality, broken sectors lead to a frightening fact - even if your hard disk continues to work properly, your data can be seriously damaged, which will lead to loss of important information. Whether these are documents for work or family photos, all data stored on the computer are valuable for us. This is another reason for which you should always make backup copies of your data. Only the presence of several backup copies on different media information can protect you from loss of data as a result of the appearance of broken sectors or other disk failures.
When the computer detects a broken sector, he ignores him in further work. The data that were in this sector will be moved, so the system will not read and write this sector. Modern hard drives support S.A.A.R.T. technology. And keep records of the number of displaced sectors. The accounting variable is called "reallocated sectors", its value can be viewed in the free CrystalDiskInfo utility. A situation is possible at which the contents of the broken sector cannot be read and moved. This will damage the file, and you cannot open it anymore.
Several broken sectors are not an indicator that the hard disk will soon fail. However, if the paved disk sectors counter regularly increase and the computer warns about this s.m.r.t. error. You should replace your disk as soon as possible.
How to check and fix broken sectors
Windows has a built-in disk check utility (also known as chkdsk). The program checks your hard drives for the presence of broken sectors noting the sectors with physical damage as bad, and corrects the sectors with logical errors making them available for future use.
If Windows believes that there is a problem on the hard disk associated with the bits sectors, the utility CHKDSK will be run automatically when the system starts. But you can also run this utility at any time manually.
Other operating systems, including Linux and OS X, also have their own built-in disk utilities To detect broken sectors.
Bied sectors are the cruel reality of hard drives and do not panic when you encounter them. However, you should always make backup copies of important files in case of a sharp increase in the number of broken sectors. It should be remembered that the presence of a large number of failure sectors signals the emergency failure of the hard disk.
I got a recently broken external hard drive ... well, how did you get? Himself bought the cheaply.
Disc as disc: iron box, inside - USB2SATA controller and laptop disk sAMSUNG. per 1 TB. . According to the description of the seller, it was buggy that the USB controller is buggy. At first, they say, and writes, and reads well, and then gradually begins to slow down and is completely falling off. The phenomenon for external disks without additional nutrition is quite frequent, so I certainly believed him. Well, what is the cheaply.
So, happily dealing with a box, pull out a disk from there and stick to the adapter tested and adapter. The disk turned on, started, determined, and even picked up in Linux. The NTFS file system has been discovered on the disk and with a dozen films. No, not about erotic adventures, but quite the opposite: "Leviafany" all sorts. It would seem - cheers! But no, everything just started.
View Smart "A showed a disappointing picture: RAW attribute Read Error Rate fell up to one (with a threshold 51), which means only one thing: the disk is very and very not fine with reading from the plates. The remaining attributes, however, were within reasonable, but it was not easier.
An attempt to format disk led to the expected result: Error writing. Of course, it was possible to make a list of broken sectors with a regular Badblocks utility, and then add this list when creating a file system. But I rejected this idea as impractical: too long would have to wait for the result. Yes, and, as it turned out, the compiled list of sectors would be useless: in the damaged areas of the sectors is read unstable, so the fact that has read once, the next time you can give a read error.
Widow playing with all sorts of utilities, I found out the following details:
- There are many broken sectors, but they are not accidentally located throughout the disk, and tight groups. There are quite extensive areas between these groups, where reading and recording go without any problems.
- Attempting to correct the broken rewriting sector (so that the controller replaces it to the backup) does not work. Sometimes after that the sector is read, sometimes not. Moreover, sometimes attempting to record in the broken sector leads to the fact that the disk for a few seconds "falls off" from the system (apparently, the controller of the disc itself is restless). When reading the resellers, there is no, but half a second, or even more on trying to read the broken sector.
- "Bied areas" are quite stable. So, the very first of them begins in the area of \u200b\u200bthe 45th gigabyte since the beginning of the disk, and stretches rather far (as far as it is, it was not possible to find out with the scounda). By trial and errors, it was also possible to focus the beginning of the second such area somewhere in the middle of the disk.
No sooner said than done. On the knee was written a utility reading from the disk until the failure sector falls. After that, the utility marked as a failed (in his plate, naturally) the whole area of \u200b\u200ba given length. Next, the marked area was passed (which to check it - already marked as bad) and the utility read the sectors further. After a couple of experiments, it was decided to mark the failed area of \u200b\u200b10 megabytes: it is already quite a lot so that the utility will quickly work out, but there is enough enough for the loss of disk space to be too large.
The result of the work for clarity was recorded in the form of a picture: White dots - good sectors, red - failed, gray - bad area around failed sectors. After almost a day, the list of broken areas and a visual picture of their location were ready.
Here she is, this picture:
I wonder if it is not true? Damaged areas turned out much more than I imagined, but also intact areas are clearly more than half of the disk space. Losing so much space seems to be a pity, but I don't want to burn a dozen small partitions.
But we have long been the 21st century, the time of new technologies and disk arrays! So, one disk array can be glued from these small partitions, create a file system on it and not to know.
A mega-command for creating partitions was composed on the paved region card. I used GPT so as not to bathe about which of them must be primary, and which extended:
# Parted -s -a none / dev / sdc unit s mkpart mkpart 1 20480 86466560 2 102686720 134410240 218193920 3 151347200 mkpart mkpart 4 235274240 285306880 401612800 mkpart 5 302489600 6 418078720 449617920 mkpart mkpart 7 466206720 499712000 548966400 mkpart 8 516157440 671539200 mkpart 9 565186560 mkpart 10 687595520 824811520 mkpart 11 840089600 900280320 mkpart 12 915640320 976035840 mkpart 13 991354880 1078026240 mkpart 14 1092689920 1190871040 mkpart 15 1205288960 1353093120 mkpart 16 1366794240 1419919360 mkpart 17 1433600000 1485148160 mkpart 18 1497927680 1585192960 mkpart 19 1597624320 1620684800 mkpart 20 1632808960 1757368320 mkpart 21 1768263680 1790054400 mkpart 22 1800908800 1862307840 Mkpart 23 1872199680 1927905280 Mkpart 24 1937203200 1953504688
The team worked for quite a long time (a few minutes). Total turned 24 (!) Partitions, each of its size.
Partitions
# PARTED / DEV / SDC Print Model: Samsung HM100UI (SCSI) Disk / Dev / SDC: 1000GB SECTOR SIZE (LOGICAL / PHYSICAL): 512b / 512b Partition Table: GPT Number Start End Size File System Name Flags 1 10.5MB 44.3GB 44.3 GB 1 2 52.6GB 68.8GB 16.2GB 2 3 77.5GB 112GB 34.2GB 3 4 120GB 146GB 25.6GB 4 5 155GB 206GB 50.8GB 5 6 214GB 230GB 16.1GB 6 7 239GB 256GB 17.2GB 7 8 264GB 281GB 16.8GB 8 9 289GB 344GB 54.5gb 9 10 352GB 422GB 70.3GB 10 11 430GB 461GB 30.8GB 11 12 469GB 500GB 30.9GB 12 13 508GB 552GB 44.4GB 13 14 559GB 610GB 50.3GB 14 15 617GB 693GB 75.7GB 15 16 700GB 727GB 27.2GB 16 17 734GB 760GB 26.4GB 17 18 767GB 818GB 44.7GB 18 19 818GB 830GB 11.8GB 19 20 836GB 900GB 63.8GB 20 21 905GB 917GB 11.2GB 21 22 922GB 954GB 31.4GB 22 23 959GB 987GB 28.5GB 23 24 992GB 1000GB 8346MB 24
The next step is to make a single disk from them. Perfectionist inside me suggested that it would be most correct to stir up any RAID6-array, sustainable failures. The practitioner objected that she still fell into the astral partition would not be replaced, so the usual JBOD will come down - what is the space of a gap to lose? Practice won:
# mdadm --create / dev / md0 --chunk \u003d 16 --Level \u003d linear --raid-devices \u003d 24 / dev / sdc1 / dev / sdc2 / dev / sdc3 / dev / sdc4 / sdc3 / dev / sdc4 / sdc6 / dev / sdc7 / dev / sdc8 / dev / sdc9 / dev / sdc10 / dev / sdc11 / dev / sdc12 / dev / sdc13 / dev / sdc14 / dev / sdc15 / dev / sdc16 / dev / sdc17 / dev / sdc18 / dev / sdc18 / dev / SDC19 / DeV / SDC20 / DEV / SDC21 / DEV / SDC22 / DEV / SDC23 / DEV / SDC24
That's it. It remains to create file System and mount a rustic drive:
# mkfs.ext2 -m 0 / dev / md0 # MOUNT / DEV / MD0 / MNT / EXT
The disk turned out quite spacious, 763 gigabytes (i.e., it was possible to use 83% of the disk capacity). In other words, "in the dump" took only 17% of the initial terabyte:
$ DF -H Filesystem Size Used Avail USE% Mounted on Rootfs 9.2g 5.6g 3.2g 64% / ... / Dev / MD0 763G 101G 662G 14% / MNT / EXT
The test set of trash films was covered with a disk without errors. True, the recording speed was small and sailed from 6 to 25 megabytes per second. The reading was stable, at a speed of 25-30 MB / s, that is, limited to the adapter connected to USB 2.0.
Of course, it is impossible to use this perversion for storing something important, but it may be useful as entertainment. When the question is worth, on the magnets disc disassemble or first to suffer, my answer: "Of course, to suffer!".
Material is prepared jointly with technical experts. Run.rf - you can order inexpensive repair of computers.
Before understanding the issue relating to the diagnosis and treatment of faulty sites, we will focus on the features of the equipment and organization of information on it. The hard disk itself is a totality of rotating magnetic disks, which are moving on the heads, reading information.
These heads perform the following function. They magnetize the corresponding parts of the hard disk, leaving information on them in the form of zeros and units. Since the recording process is characterized by strict order, then the information is not chaotic, but in certain places that are called.
If the information is easily read by the program, it is in order and functions in accordance with the norm and requirements for equipment. In the reverse case when information resource Unavailable for perception, the sector is considered broken.
What are the reasons for the education of such sectors? As a rule, such sections of the hard disk are formed as a result of the incorrect shutdown of the computer by the fault of the user or the unexpected turning off the electricity. The reason lies in mechanical exposure, for example, in the strike of a personal computer. Overheating and marriage Another way to get a broken sector.
The presence of such sectors can significantly complicate the operation of the computer, and directly affect the efficiency of the system, in the most difficult cases, withdraw a hard disk.
Organization of verification of damaged sectors
How can I reveal the failed sectors on the hard disk personal computer? In practice, several ways are used. One of them is the use of a free Victoria program developed by Sergey Kazansky, a talented programmer from Belarus.
It is popular with many users and programmers, because it effectively copes with all tasks set before it. In addition to the DOS version are available to use the Windows version. But for the maximum way efficient work Still, we recommend to apply the first option, on the example of which and consider the features of diagnostics.
Spectrum functionality The utility includes:
- potential for forming and viewing a summary table of diagnostic diagnostic of a hard disk PC
- running surface scan and search for defective, unreadable plots
- renewing damaged plots
- full hard disk formatting at all levels
Attention! All actions you perform on your own fear and risk, possible loss of information Stored on the hard disk in the recovery process.
This program has many features and algorithms of work, this article discusses only some of them. In addition, there are nuances depending on the manufacturer and the HDD model.
We save the program to the removable media (bootable flash card), and set up the BIOS so that work with the program is as correct as possible. We enter the BIOS menu and set the SATA mode in the IDE value.
The image demonstrates that in the menu aHCI mode. With this configuration, the program we use will not be able to diagnose the hard disk. Next, launch the Victoria program from the boot flash drive.
Select the IDE channel, with which the hard disk works the personal computer. Procedure Next:
- on the keyboard B. english layout Press the P key, a window appears from the menu
- choose the desired channel and click "Enter"
We comply with the following conditions:
- hard disk (railway) is connected to the SATA port, the EXT menu item. PCI ATA / SATA
- ARD is characterized by an IDE connector, another proposed program option.
Provided that the controller setting is done correctly, the diagnostic program will display a window with a channel list. Immediately from the keyboard, enter the number of the channel number (on the image it is three), and click "Enter".
In order to verify the correctness of the actions performed, we carry out the following series of manipulations. Press the F2 function key. The screen presents the service information that contains the data on model, volume, number and other characteristics of the hard disk. If such information appeared, it means that the program has been connected to the disk, and everything is done correctly.
Next, view the Smart table, if the case is not heavy, then such a table may well provide data on the presence of broken sectors and without further scanning. Viewing the table is available when you click on the F9 function key.
The main points that we are interested in more than others are called:
- Reallocated sector count
- Current Pending Sectors.
The first item contains information on how many sectors are available in the reserve recovery zone. The second paragraph characterizes the number of sectors causing suspicions, more often than others enter the sectors that could not be decrypted when reading the hard disk.
According to the image in the figure, the number of recovered sectors is 767 units, and the number of problem is 5 units. Information is disappointing, as the volume of problem components is significant, and such a hard disk in the near future will finally fail. While all the information can still be saved, it is necessary to do urgently backup, And the hard disk is replaced. Exit to the main menu of the program is carried out by clicking any key on the keyboard.
Ways to restore broken sectors
So, the diagnosis is completed, and the utility presented a report on the status of a hard disk of a personal computer. How to restore damaged hard disk sectors? By and large, this is quite simple. Easy option - activate scanning in automatic recovery mode.
How to restore, we will analyze the essence of the work. The defective sections themselves are divided into two types. The first - when recorded information is not read, because there is a discrepancy between the amount of the information field and the total amount of control at the end. As a rule, this happens due to the sudden termination of the PC.
Such sectors are not defective in most cases, simply the process of recording information was stopped suddenly, so the final control element is old and not relevant to the current moment. Restore such a disk is simply formatted. In consequence, it is possible to use it without fears for the quality of work.
The second case when the sector has mechanical damage in the form of scratches or demagnetization. The cause of such damage, as a rule, overheating, less likely to hit. It is much more complicated to correct the same sector, but, nevertheless, possibly. This is done by the potential of the sector, which is designed in such a way that the information stored on it occupies only part of the volume, and the real potential is much more. The hard disk uses the forwarding system, and it can promptly overwrite information from the areas of inaccessible to read.
Logically, the process is as follows, the recorded information is physically in another place, and the path to it remains the same. Naturally, this method slows down the reading process somewhat, but if the number of such sectors is slightly, then work in such a mode is quite admissible.
Let us turn to the Victoria utility submitted here, and its ability to renovate broken disks. The F4 function key calls the context menu, and select the "BB: ERASE 256 SECT" item. Click "Enter" and activate the scanning of the hard disk.
The process takes a long time, from half an hour to a pair of hours, so it is better to gain patience. As soon as the defective sector is detected, the utility will immediately try to format it. Provided that the sector does not have mechanical damage, the procedure will be easily, and the sector will be suitable for later use.
If the program will find a seriously damaged sector, an error message appears on the screen.
It is recommended not to stop the hard disk scanning process, and even if there are many errors, bring to the end. Since the guarantees are that the first type sectors will not appear, but to transfer all the information from the defective part to the backup area is irrational.
Of course, all these manipulations may be rather difficult for an inexperienced computer user, in this case, you can use an alternative option and contact the HTTP service: //Nextrussian.rf/information/Territia/Shanevo/, where professional workers will take care of your HDD.
The remaining readers can familiarize themselves with the instructions for transferring unreadable sectors of the hard disk to the region reserve copy.
F4 functional clause call context menu Utilities, and choose a string called "BB: Classic Remap". Click "Enter".
The hard disk surface scanning process will begin again, but this time there will be no formatting, each sector that cannot be read and identified, the utility will move to the backup area. It is important to take into account the condition of the hard disk and the degree of its wear. In critical cases, the backup area may be insufficient, and then the program will fail to perform the operation. But as the drawing demonstrates below, everything went fine.
The utility has completed its work. All hard disk areas have been scanned. The defective sectors of the first and second type are found and are put in order. After the whole range of procedures, the hard disk must meet a satisfactory state.
For the correct completion of the hard disk, you must additionally diagnose the file system. You can implement the task using special software products. An excellent option is the program " Chkdsk."More details can be found.
Process hard checks The disk for broken sectors is the search for erroneous records located on the drive and the BAD sectors.
Some of these problems may cause information loss - in most cases, without the possibility of recovery.
Therefore, every user should know about their appearance - and in order to try to correct the errors on the disk, and to back up important information to another place.
The principle of education of broken sectors
Faced with problem sectors over time accounts for the owner of almost every HDD.
The principle of their appearance is as follows:
- In the manufacture of disks, sectors are created using the magnetization of which information can be recorded on the drive.
- Reading and writing information on (especially if the disk hit or drop), and sometimes also influence computer viruses lead to a gradual deterioration of the state of its structure.
- Bad sectors are beginning to appear on the surface of magnetic disks - areas, information in which is not allowed or not written at all.
You can eliminate spoiled sectors, but automatically system such actions do not perform - the user will have to manually start checking and correction.
If the BAD sectors are a bit, they are replaced with backup areas.
When spoiled HDD blocks appear, their addresses are reassigned to sectors from the reserve, and data loss does not occur.
Signs of the emergence of the problem
Among the main signs that problem sectors appeared on the disk and their restoration is required, It is worth noting the following:
- computer hang in the process of loading the operating system;
- oS start failure - In most cases, the download comes only to a certain point (for example, before the Windows emblem or the inscription "Welcome") and stops;
- digestible and frequent reboots of the computer;
- errors in the operation of the system, expressed in the impossibility of launching applications, closing windows and slowing the reaction to user actions.
The list of utilities that can be used to solve the problem is quite large.
Divide them into two main groups - those that are already built into the operating system (for example, in Windows), and applications from other manufacturers.
The latter can also be divided into paid programs and more popular among domestic users free versions.
Use of Windows tools
To correct errors and Windows BAD sectors, it contains already.
The advantages of it can be attributed to the possibility of restoring areas spoiled during operation or as a result of the infection of the system with viruses.
Another plus - The ability to start in two ways, as usual or.
The utility is capable of checking any physical and logic discsHowever, there are small differences in working with inactive and systemic regions.
So, the steps of checking and restoring the usual partition (which does not contain control files of the system and OS itself) will be as follows:
1 takes place in the window "My computer".
2 right mouse button opens properties of the selected disk.
3 Selects tab "Service".
4 clicks disk check button.
5 put Tick \u200b\u200bin front of checking the BAD sectors.
Checking system volumes on which Windows installed is performed differently.
The starting start utility coincides with the actions for the usual partition, but when trying to check the disk on the screen, an inscription will appear on the impossibility and the offer to do this after rebooting.
After rebooting, the system does not load - instead, the HDD system partition is checked, to find out about the pricing of the information displayed on the screen.
And you can start the Hitachi Drive Fitness Test not only from Windows, but also in mode, if the disk problems have already led to the inability to load the system.
Seagate Seatools.
SEATOOLS utility is free app, which is included:
- detection of disorders of the HDD structure, including spoiled sectors and write or read errors;
- correction of BAD sectors or rewrite them with zeros, in order for the system further, the system has ignored damaged areas;
- windows OS problems;
- damage to the system loader;
Efficiently, the application works with Seagate discs.
The average rectification time of detected errors (along with the verification process), depending on the size of the section, can reach 4 hours.
The advantages of the program include its free distribution and the provision of a detailed report.
HDD Health
Free HDD Health program has the ability to receive during the test of the BAD sectors of the following information:
- manufacturer and firmware HDD;
- current accumulator temperature;
- the overall state of the structure of the device, including integers and spoiled sectors;
- a number of other useful attributes.
The utility is distributed free by Panterasoft.
At the same time, the evaluation of the disk state is carried out only by S.M.A.R.T-indicators and is less efficient than checking the disk by other applications.
Restoring broken sectors will help extend the life of your hard disk and even restore some of the previously lost files. However, you should remember that this is a responsible and rather risky business, since by clicking not on those buttons, you can spoil your hard drive at all. Follow strictly according to the instructions presented in this article, and you can restore some broken sectors. Before you start, select Software, with which you will restore sectors. There are many choices convenient programs: Victoria, HDAT2, HDDREGENERATOR.
How to restore broken hard disk sectors using HDAT2
Working with this utility implies the presence of a boot disk, or a bootable flash drive. How can you write them, you will learn in another article. The program must be installed on your computer. Daemon Tools. Either Ultra ISO.
- Download the HDAT2 program from the official site https://hdat2.com.
- You need a section "CD / DVD Boot ISO".
- Download the latest version that goes in iSO format, not SFX.
- In the download folder, find your file and open it with using Daemon. Tools or other software for mounting images.
- Take a clean drive and click on the "Write an image to disk" field.
Please note that all further work with this utility will be fully held in Bios. Carefully read on those fields that click.
- To begin with, turn off the computer and log in to the BIOS. Each computer brand has its own login buttons. Try clause F12 or F7, and better read about it on the Internet.
- Entering the BIOS, select the system boot method - CD / DVD, and then enter the HDAT2 command, as in the screenshot below.
- After that, you will appear menu with hard drives that are connected to your computer. If he is alone, then you should not have any problems with the choice. Click on your hard disk and press ENTER.
- In the window that appears, select the Hidden Areas Menu string.
- Now test your computer to broken sectors. Even if you know their exact amount, the test will still have to do, since the program is needed to further eliminate the problem. Click "Powerful Test Read / Write / Read / Compare"
- That's all. Click on the first line as shown in the screenshot to fix your sectors. Note that it will take quite a long time, so you can push the laptop to the side and do your affairs. As soon as the program finishes work with the BAD sectors, do not forget to return the system loading not with the CD, but from the hard disk.
How to restore broken hard disk sectors using HDD Regenerator
Getting Started with this utility, you can read a bulk article about its work to approximately imagine the structure of the program :. Plus utilities in the fact you do not have to create blood flash drive or disk and go from under bios. Experienced users note that this program really corrects the problem by demaging, and not just turns off the bad sectors.
Download the program on the Internet, keep in mind that only its first use is free. If you want to pass the broken sectors again, then the software will have to buy.
Installing the program takes a few seconds.
Look carefully on the window interface:
- Left button "Bootable USB Flash."Will help you create a bootable flash drive to work with the BIOS program.
- Right "Bootable CD / DVD" creates boot disk For the same goals.
- The top line allows you to work from under the Windows axis, which is very saving time.
Click on the top string.
Choose your hard drive. It will be written in the model, the number of memory and all sectors. Just click twice on it.
Please note all windows must be closed, and all processes are stopped. Only then can you start working with sectors - the hard disk must be as unloaded as possible.
Select the second point in the menu that appears is "Normal Scan (with / Without Repair)." This option reserves broken sectors directly during the scanning process of all the hard disk sectors. Please note that the mouse does not work in this program. You need to enter the number 2, and then press ENTER.
Now you need the item "Scan and Repair" to confirm the intention to correct all sectors. Enter the number 1.
You can also enter the number 3 to activate the "Regenerate All Sectors" item. This option makes preventing absolutely all sectors, even if they are not broken. It will suit it more experienced userswho can independently cope with possible problems in the process of regeneration.
Now you have to choose the beginning of scanning:
- Point at number 1 "Start Sector 0" starts scan and treatment from the very beginning.
- The second option "Start Sector ***" continues the past scan if it was interrupted for one reason or another.
- And the third item "SET START / END Sectors MANUALY" allows you to enter the range of checking the sectors manually.
Better start from the very beginning by choosing the first item.
The process will start instantly, you will only wait.
Hard disk is a fairly fragile device. Bied sectors are damaged cells for storing information on the hard disk. After some time, the use of a hard disk may have a problem with bat sectors. Therefore, it is important from time to time to restore broken sectors.
It is easily done with the help of various programs, but first it is necessary to determine if there are broken sectors. About it, as well as how to restore the boot hard sector disk, our article.
How to restore damaged disk sectors
There are many ways to restore broken boot sectors disk. Consider several of these methods in detail.
How to restore sectors through windows
If you can enter the OS, then restore the hard disk will not require special efforts. To do this, call the context menu of the hard disk and select the item "Properties".
In the new window that opens, select the "SERVICE" tab, where you click on the "Check" item. We put the ticks opposite items "Automatically correct system errors"And" check and restore damaged sectors. " After that, run the check.
If the system is a system, then there will be a reboot and the verification process will begin. If the disk is not systemic, then check will pass without reboot.
The system itself will find all errors and will recover. After that, withdraw the statistics of the work done.
But sometimes it happens that the OS is not loaded due to broken sectors.
How to restore broken sectors if the OS does not start
If Windows does not start, you can take a disc with virtual system and download the virtual OS. In it all actions restoration hard Discs are made in the same way as in the previous section.
If you do not have virtual disk from the OS, then will help installation disk Windows. After loading it, you need to select "System Restore". A recovery console will appear where you need to choose local disk With your OS. This is usually a disk "C:".
After rebooting, a console will appear, where you need to enter the command "CHKDSK [Disk:]", where:
- / F is checking the disk and error correction,
- / R is searching and restoring damaged sectors.
After that, press "ENTER", we wait when recovery starts. Then we leave the console and reboot the computer. All is ready.
How to restore sectors using programs
To restore broken sectors on the hard disk there are many programs that can be easily downloaded from the Internet. Consider their principle of operation on the example of the HDD Regenerator program.
The program restores broken sectors, enchanting them again. It is achieved by creating a virtual flash drive.
After installation, run the program. In the window that opens, several options for choosing in Russian will appear. You can recover broken sectors as in the most Operating systemand using a flash drive or a regular disk from the console.
The program will check the BAD sectors (broken) and restore them. For maximum effective use The programs are better to use the boot flash drive or disk that are created after installing the program.