entranceI want to learn how to repair electronics and household appliances. How to become a car mechanic: some tips for those looking to fix their own car
The number of electronic devices is growing every year at an unprecedented rate.
So, the production of electronics in St. Petersburg can only please. However, no matter how high its quality, it can still break. Sometimes a breakdown can be corrected on its own, so there is no need to take the equipment to a service center unnecessarily.
Where to begin
Troubleshooting electronic devices is a delicate thing, and in order to learn how to do it yourself, you need some knowledge of physics, at least a school course.
You should at least have an idea of what it is:
- current strength;
- resistance of metals;
- inductance, etc.
You also need to gain experience in soldering radio components, and learn how to use an electrical tester and multimeter. For repairs, you will need to purchase all the necessary equipment, and depending on the type of equipment being repaired, you will need to understand the wiring diagrams.
A lot of people think that fixing PCs is a workshop job. But even beginners can rest a computer at home without special skills with a minimum of equipment. By yourself, if you have a soldering iron, you can replace the capacitors. But if you need to replace microcircuits, if you do not have experience and equipment, it is not advisable to repair such a breakdown yourself.
If the electronics won't turn on
When connected to the electrical network, the device does not work, no LED signals are triggered or no sound is emitted, the reason for this is a burnt out power supply. Try turning on the apparatus in series with a powerful incandescent lamp to prevent short circuits. When the power supply is working, the lamp will not light, and in the event of a short circuit on the unit, the lamp will light up.
Then we look for a malfunction in the power supply itself. This could be a simple cable break or a blown fuse. If successful, we eliminate the problem by replacing new parts or soldering the broken ones.
Incorrect work
If your electronics is working intermittently, occasionally giving a problem, there are many reasons for this. For example, when it turns off during loads on the computer, and after some time it works again, the malfunction may lie in overheating or damaged contacts.
Many people often ask how to learn how to repair cars. Do not worry, friends, I have the answer to your innermost question.
The fact is that if you decide to become an avid auto repairman, then you will often face difficult choices, for example “Hmm, is it worth going to the shower now and changing into clean clothes? Although, I will still get dirty with oil "... Or, for example, you get out of the workshop, all torn and dirty and go to the store for spare parts. On the way you meet your acquaintances, who then call your wife back and ask why she kicked you out into the street and doomed to homelessness. But these are all small things.
If you are ready to start this lifestyle, then sit back and get ready to listen.
1. Buy yourself a wreck
Want an express course in car repair? Buy yourself. The best way to learn how to repair cars is to study their structure. Especially if you are young and you don't have the extra money to repair your car. Perfect option.
Many excellent craftsmen until the age of twenty did not know how to change oil or candles. But then they bought a car that was older than themselves, and began to sort it out, thus learning the art.
Ask for advice from friends, from your father, from your grandfather. Learn the basics. Change oil, candles, air filters, look through the technical documentation and everything will go like clockwork. A rusty bucket will help you fall in love with cars and learn how to care for them.
2. Buy a tool kit
You cannot screw nuts with your hands, especially if they have already become rusty for ten years. Go to the store and spend on good set tools.
I advise you to start with a screwdriver and a rich set of replacement bits. If you have no money at all, then you can go to FixPrice and see something there, but do not count on the long service of such tools. I recommend immediately investing 3-4 thousand and buying a good, branded kit.
3. Watch videos on YouTube
Even if you don't have a wreck, you can always get a certain set of knowledge from the training videos.
It is difficult to count how many videos I reviewed in search of answers to my questions about car repair. In fact, the assortment of them is simply huge.
However, I advise you to be choosy and look at the reviews and the number of views, since YouTube is open to everyone. Therefore, if you see that the guy in the video cuts the clutch cable or breaks the brakes, then turn on your brain for a second and be aware of what is happening.
4. Buy a repair manual
A very useful thing. A step-by-step guide on how to repair your car will help you deal with any problem. They are not expensive, and if you are ready to read from the screen, you can download one for free on the Internet. These books will save you a lot of time and effort.
5. Register on the forum
Most useful information can be found on the forums. Dozens of knowledgeable guys share their experiences, photos and step by step instructions... In addition, they will tell you how to do a particular job, while losing as few fingers as possible. A useful thing!
6. Help your friends
A friend has a car? Rather help him. You will gain invaluable experience and prove yourself. In addition, if something breaks with you, your friend will come to your aid more willingly.
7. Talk to sellers
In the aftermarket markets, there are often hardened auto repairmen who can give you any advice. Don't underestimate their talents.
If you have a fuel pump screwed up, go to the market and chat with a salesperson. He will tell you how to replace it, what parts you need and maybe give you a little discount.
But you shouldn't throw yourself at every seller. First, make sure that he is well versed in his business, and then start a conversation. As a rule, a good auto repairman is visible at first glance (see point 1).
8. Sign up for courses in mechanics
It is not at all necessary to go to school and get an education, because today more and more private courses are being opened. Take a couple of lessons and you will learn a lot of new and useful things about the automotive world.
9. Read books
Buy or download several books on mechanics and electronics. After reading them, it will become much clearer to you how your car works. Once you figure it out, repairs are no longer a problem for you.
10. Read auto-blogs
For example, CARakoom.com. Every day we post a lot of interesting material dedicated to the world of cars. In addition, our constant headings on the structure of various parts of the car, for example, or, will help you easily understand the basics of the structure of cars. We try to use the most understandable analogies with the help of which we explain complex automotive concepts. We also have one in which you can gather a lot of knowledge and ask questions to knowledgeable people. Join us and you will also become crazy about cars!
Do you have a desire to learn how to repair a car yourself? Can you imagine how cool it would be to fix the problem yourself? But at the same time, you are not confident in your abilities, do you think that you are not able to learn the science of auto mechanics? Doubt aside, if you really want to learn how to repair a car, you can do it!
You need to start in stages. Of course, you do not need to immediately try to remove from the car or the gearbox and try to fix them, this will not lead to anything good. It’s like you’ll be taught Laplace transforms in high school instead of elementary mathematics. It is illogical, unreasonable, you simply will not understand anything and will waste many hours in vain.
If you really want to learn, start with the elementary.
To get started, you need:
Patience and perseverance. Study the material you will have to work with. Step by step, each step, one by one.
Get your tools. Not necessarily expensive professional kits, enough tools entry level(not outright junk, of course, but decent cheap tools). You may end up not enjoying climbing in your iron friend's oiled entrails. Then why overpay?
Last but not least, where do you start? We suggest you familiarize yourself with five interesting and at the same time easy repair options, which will teach you the basics of working with a car, in case of wrong actions, it will not cause serious damage to the car and will certainly give moral satisfaction from the fact that you were able to do it yourself.
If you get involved in the process and with constant practice (for example, you do not have a new car that requires constant repair), then in a couple of years you will know quite well the structure of your car, realize which bolt is responsible for what, which lock nut performs which function, and what parts are these or those systems.
And it all can start with five simple renovations.
Replacing spark plugs
The advice does not apply to owners, because on their boxer engines it is more difficult to change the spark plugs than on other cars to replace a worn out clutch disc. Boxer engines are capricious in this regard. You need to do a lot of difficult and, in a sense, jewelry work in order to unscrew all the candles, and, most importantly, put new ones correctly. This is the cost of the boxer design. In our case, it is better to turn to professionals who, with the help of a special tool and accumulated experience, will replace your old parts with new ones.
But if you are not driving a Subaru, then it's time to act! For work, purchase:
Ratchet wrench
Extension
Spark plug (3/8 '' twelve-sided)
1. Remove the candles.
Disconnect the spark plug wires carefully. Take a socket wrench with extension and ratchet, slowly start unscrewing the candles counterclockwise.
2.Do not mix up the wires
If you have, mark each wire so that you do not confuse the order of their connection to the candles. Or change the candles one by one: unscrew, put a new one, connect the terminal.
3.Installing a new candle
It is very important to choose the necessary ones, suitable for a specific brand, year of manufacture and model of the car. Consult your owner's manual or a brochure from an auto parts store.
In order not to be mistaken for sure, you need to take exactly those candle models that are already on your car.
Using the spark plug head, tighten the spark plug 1/8 of a turn, not very hard, or use a torque wrench, having previously found the data on the plug tightening force. Overtightening can destroy the threads in the engine, which is very bad.
Changing the air filter
Replacing the air filter is one of the easiest jobs on the list. It is easy, quick and cheap to replace it on almost any car, partly because the filters have to be changed often, every 10-15 thousand km on passenger cars, access to it was made the most convenient.
On most cars, you don't need any tools at all to access the air filter. Just unfasten a few latches, remove the top cover of the air filter box (first check with the technical documentation, manual, so as not to be mistaken where the filter box is located), and now you have access to it.
On some modern cars, the filter box is screwed rather than latched. So grab a screwdriver, remove the screws, and you can easily go through the replacement procedure.
It is physically very difficult to confuse the location of the filter element in the box. But just in case, read the manual for your car about how the filter should be correctly positioned. After familiarization, proceed.
Changing the engine oil
When you imagine someone servicing a car, a picture of an oil change will surely pop up in front of your eyes. This is the most classic of the points. Maintenance and it is also one of the most important.
Oil change occurs during maintenance every 12 months or upon reaching a certain mileage recommended in the operating manual (10-15 thousand km), whichever comes first.
It is preferable to change the engine oil in a "pit" or in a garage equipped with a lift. *
* Observe safety precautions, always put the muffled car at speed or on the handbrake!
To replace, you will need:
The head of the key for the drain plug of your car
Ratchet wrench
Filter remover (sold at an auto parts store)
The capacity where you will drain the used oil (of course, the container should be larger than the capacity of your engine)
And of course, for replacement, you will need the oil filter itself.
It's important to know:
It is worth taking a little car ride before changing the oil. Thus, the entire suspension of foreign particles will be in the oil volume, and when it is drained, the engine will be better cleaned.
1. Unscrew the oil filler cap. It is located at the top of the engine.
2. We climb under the car and unscrew the drain plug with a wrench, after placing the prepared container. *
*Precautionary measures. Avoid getting engine oil on you. It is hot after engine running, do not burn yourself. Use heavy rubber gloves when loosening the plug.
3. Draining the oil is not a quick process, so while it is draining from the engine, you have time to remove the oil filter. This usually does not require any tool. We find the filter and unscrew it manually. There are times when he does not leave his seats. Then we will use a puller previously purchased in the store.
Many modern engines have paper oil filters that can be easily accessed with a socket wrench. Just unscrew the cap and your oil filter is in full view.
Apply some used engine oil to the o-ring of the new filter and install it. Carefully read the instructions on the filter for its installation.
4. Oil glass. We tighten the drain plug. It is not worth pulling too much, there is a risk of thread breakage. We screwed it all the way in, pulled it up a little.
Pour new engine oil into the upper filler neck through a funnel. Fill in such an amount of oil so that its level on the dipstick is between the “Min” and “Max” marks, a little closer to the second mark. We close the lid, start the engine.
Necessarily! Check the oil level after the first ride. It is ideal to watch it on a hot engine 10 minutes after stopping the engine.
Replacing the incandescent lamp
How many people does it take to? This joke has a lot of truth. The simplest work can turn into a serious headache. On some cars, in order to change one light bulb, you literally have to disassemble half of the front of the car.
In other cases, replacing a light bulb is not troublesome:
IMPORTANT! It is necessary to choose the right model of the light bulb. To do this, we remove the burned out light bulb, carry it to the store and use it to buy a new one.
Change the brake pads
Replacing brake pads on a car is somewhat more risky than replacing a light bulb. That's why HIGHLY RECOMMENDED for the first time, replace the pads with a knowledgeable person who, if necessary, can correct the error.
Before replacing the pads, watch a few of the following videos explaining how to replace the pads of the various calipers:
Thank you for the attention!
Greetings friends!
Computers and other smart devices have become an integral part of our lives.
We have no idea how we used to do without them!
But the computer can pretty much spoil the life of the user if it breaks down.
The good news is that you can learn how to repair computers like you can do any other craft.
There would be a desire!
But a computer is a complicated thing, so a repairer must have knowledge in several areas.
Where do you start?
What does a computer repairer need to know?
A computer repair technician must be an advanced user personal computer(PC).This means that the repairer must know in general terms how it works. operating system(OS) computer, office programs (text editors, Email, browsers, image viewers, etc.), be able to use the Internet.
Most often they do not work with the OS Windows of various modifications, office suite MS Office, Chrome browsers, Opera, Yandex browser. An advanced user, unlike a teapot, knows how to choose the source of loading the OS or service programs ( HDD, flash drive, DVD drive etc.), see what kind of hardware (processor, memory, video card, etc.), find material of interest to him on the Internet, including computer repair.
Without this minimum, nowhere. But today it is taught even in high school! If you want to become a repairman but have skipped computer science classes at school, you can take an advanced user course.
What are the parts of a computer?
But being just an advanced user is not enough!
A computer repairer must know what parts a computer consists of, how they work, how they interact with each other. The best way to get started with computer hardware is on desktop computer
, not on a laptop or tablet.
The desktop computer contains a separate system unit, monitor, mouse and keyboard.
Such a system unit can be easily opened and disassembled using a curly (Phillips) screwdriver.
Disassembling a laptop or tablet is much more difficult and requires a special tool.
The system unit contains a processor and memory, a video card (separate or integrated), network adapter for communication with outside world(separate or integrated into the motherboard), DVD or Blu-ray drive (optional), (electromechanical or solid state - SSD).
Get to know your computer device and component parts can be on this site in the heading.
Note that I do not use unnecessarily complex terms (which so frighten beginners) and talk about difficult things in simple human language.
To repair computers, the amount of knowledge must be large enough and it must be accumulated gradually. As an advanced PC user and knowing how the components of a computer work, you can go further.
What kind of malfunctions are there in computers?
There can be a great many malfunctions in the computer. But they can be roughly divided into two types: hardware malfunctions, hardware and software(software).
The hardware part is the very component parts of the computer that we have already mentioned.
Software is not only an operating system and office programs, but also drivers for various internal and external devices.
A driver is a separate program for the interaction of some part of the computer, or peripheral(printer, scanner, etc.) embedded in the OS.
Without a driver, any piece of hardware - just a set of metal, plastic and electronic parts.
Now you understand why you need to be an advanced user and know how the computer hardware works and how it works? In order to find out where to dig in the event of a malfunction - in the direction of hardware or software.
The malfunction is usually accompanied by characteristic symptoms. For example, the computer "slows down", does not load, does not work, or. Analysis of these signs, knowledge of the operation of the OS and the "hardware" of the computer will help to form a troubleshooting algorithm.
For example, if it is impossible to print from a computer to a printer, but the print test of the printer itself is successful, then you should not immediately reinstall the OS, but first check the interface cable and the printer driver.
Various troubleshooting recipes can be found in the heading on this site.
Block and component computer repair
After you have accumulated a certain amount of knowledge, you can start practicing. Any knowledge without practice is dead and useless!
Novice repairmen usually start with block repair... If a hardware malfunction (motherboard, memory module, power supply, video card) is detected, it is replaced with a similar one.
The difficulty here is that this may require reinstalling the drivers or even the OS. In addition, in the event of a malfunction hard disk you can lose all your data, which is extremely annoying. To identify a hardware malfunction, appropriate tests must be performed - memory tests, hard disk tests, etc. Many modern computers(and especially laptops) already contains such tests.
Therefore, a novice repairman should study at least a specific User Manual.
There is also the so-called (manuals for repair and maintenance), which contain more detailed information and ways to eliminate typical malfunctions.
Note that the User Manual may not be provided to the customer upon purchase.
Service Manuals are most often on English language, therefore, knowledge of technical English is an extra plus for the repairman. At the same time, there are many online translators, which undoubtedly makes life easier for beginners.
But aerobatics is a component repair!
That is, replacing not the entire component of the computer, but some parts on it, for example, or capacitors on the motherboard or in the power supply. What does it do? With the necessary qualifications, repairs can be much cheaper, since a transistor or capacitor costs much less than motherboard or power supply.
But to reach this level, you need to know much more than all of the above! You need to know electronics at a good level, be able to use measuring instruments. This is also described on this site, in particular, in the heading.
If you have a desire - get acquainted, study. It's free!
Why learn to repair computers?
The number of computers and other smart equipment will only grow, so specialists in their repair will always be needed. This kind of service is now in high demand. So you are guaranteed a job!
Computer repair can be learned like any other craft. This site will help you with this. In conclusion, let us recall the good old truth - "education is a way that helps to overcome the vicissitudes of fate."
So, let's summarize. To learn how to repair computers, you first need to become an advanced PC user. Then familiarize yourself with how computer hardware works and how it works. After that, you can start practicing. To master component repair, you need to study electronics, learn how to use measuring instruments and other auxiliary equipment.
The amount of knowledge that needs to be learned is large enough. But this is just like in any other profession! It is up to you to choose the profession of a repairman or any other. If you want to become a computer repairman - good hour!
And my site will help you!