Restore the boot sector. Boot sector (BOOT)

How to recover boot sector HDD.

Almost every user working with a computer faces the problem of damage to the HDD sector. This may have a number of reasons, starting by incorrect completion of the work and ending with a deep penetration of the virus.

Active File Recovery;

Easeus Partition Master.

And this is definitely not all, but these programs most often cope with the task, and enjoys good reviews Among users. Alas and it is not always able to restore the HDD boot sector as soon as possible, problems with the type determination may occur file System Either the presence of this sector will not be visible.

This method is suitable for those who are not important information on the media and it is important to restore the HDD boot sector as quickly as possible. After this procedure, in 80% of cases, work is completely restored. But this method is more often resorted in the most extreme cases, because Discourse on the disk is still almost everyone playing an important role, especially if this is a working computer.

If the user first faces the problem and absolutely does not know how to restore the HDD2 boot sector, this utility It can very quickly cope with the task. However, not without the participation of the user itself, it will be necessary to figure out in some points. Special complexity of the program, this is an English interface. With knowledge of technical words, the system will understand.

Consider this method the points:

1) Find Create A New Log File if you need to enter a log.

3) Next action, selection of a section type among Intel, Sun, Mac, etc.

4) After that, there are possible operations that can be done with the disk. Choosenalyse.

6) Selection of geometry on disk

7) Final steps in the "Master Boot Record" section, is responsible for rebooting the sector. You need to select a damaged disk, after checking sectors, rewrite MBD.

With the correct course of action, after a reboot, the disk should function again and at the same time have all its data in the same form.

Second way to apply on windows

For various reasons, the first option may not work, and the question is how to restore your boot sector HDD3 remains open. To understand the recovery process itself, consider it more detailed what MBR is.

MBR is the very first sector that is found on the disk, there is a special table with sections, and boot programIt reads the data and their path, starting from the hard disk, and ending with the section of the installed operating system.

1) First you need to turn on the computer and select the download from the installation disk or the USB drive, press any key and in the window windows installations Select "System Restore", in the event of a problem detection, press the correction and reboot.

2) If it did not help the boot sector, re-open the "system restore" and select the "Next" item, on the command line we write bootrec / fixmbr. This team will hold compatibility of the main boot record And solve the problem of its damage. But the partition table will not change.

3) I knock out the following BOOTREC / FixBoot command, this action records a new boot sector, which will be compatible with Windows. Press "output" and reboot the computer.

In general, it should work! But as practice shows, the HDD boot sector is not so simple, and this case has more ways and teams:

1) BOOTREC / SCANOS command, makes full scan and search operating systems, In cases of finding, it will be visible on the screen.

2) BOOTREC / RebuildBCD is used to add to the total download menu of the Windows found, the y and ENTER combination will complete the additive process.

If it did not produce the desired effect, the command, like BootSect / NT60 SYS, can in an individual case can restore the HDD boot sector, using the update of the main boot code. After that, you need to click "Exit" and restart the computer.

Load from the emergency system diskette and run the SYS C: which will create on the system disk Boot Sector and copies the system files there. Make sure that the versions of operating systems on a diskette and on the recoverable disk coincide.

BOOT SECTOR recovery is easier to perform "automatic" method, but this does not exclude the possibility of "manual" recovery with a pencil, paper and disk editor. As mentioned above, if there are intact (or at least partially damaged) elements of the logical structure, save them as files on the backup disk.

Not an easy case. Destroyed not only boot sector

But there is a copy of the necessary system regions in the form of files or disk areas.

Follow the standard formatting of the main disk partition, i.e. team Format C: In this case, the file structure of the formatted disc partition is formed with the recreation of Boot Sector, clean FAT and ROOT Directory, the data area is not affected, i.e. Information in Data Area does not change.

Check the location of the root directory. For this diskeditor-Oh, in the recording cluster mode of the newly created partition, by specifying the search for the "subdirectory" object, check the coincidence of the physical cluster numbers and the cluster number in the first record of the subdirectories found. In case of incomprehension of numbers, you must correct the value of the number of FAT sectors in the boot sector boot record. Adjustment is carried out by increasing sectors by the number of multiple half of the number of sectors in the cluster. As a rule, such an adjustment is necessary in cases of non-standard disk breaking or after changes in the size of the sections with artificial means.

If you are lucky, and you have reserved in the form of files surviving FAT and / or Root Directory, using the diskeditor-Ohm restore them on the disk. If you survived the second copy of the FAT, and the first is not, you should copy the second copy and the first copy place.

If you have survived one of the copies of the FAT and the root directory, after executing all items above the above items, full access to information on the disk will be restored.

How to restore boot sector manually

The boot sector address can be found in the physical sector with the coordinates of 0/0/1 (Track / Head / Sector) in the appropriate partition Table element. Next, you need to go to this sector and view it in the Boot Record format (F7 key in program disk Editor). If in the root sector fields is "trash", then you need to manually restore this sector. You need to score with zeros the rest of the boot sector or copy to this place the boot sector of the system diskette if the disc partition is active (C :) Then you need to manually fill in the control fields of this sector:

Boot Record field	Correct value
	You can record your name here.
Bytes per sector
Sectors Per Cluster.	Calculate later
Reserved sectors at beginning
Root Directory Entries.
Total Sectors on Disk	This value is taken from the PARTITION TABLE (field + 0CH in the corresponding element)
Media Descriptor Byte
SECTORS PER FAT.	Calculate later
Sectors Per Track
	The value is taken from DRIVE INFO
Special hidden sectors	This value is equal to the Relative Sectors value (the relative number of the elementary sector) (field + 08h in the corresponding partition table) if the disk is not bootable, then the number 8388608 (800000h) is added to this value.

This table remained empty sectors per FAT fields and Sectors Per Claster (sectors on the cluster). They must be calculated additionally:

SECTORS PER FAT. : We view the disk sectors following Boot Record until we find the start of the indigenous catalog. We remember the coordinates of the catalog sector. Then we calculate the relative number of this sector relative to the Boot Record based on the number of parties on the disk, the number of sectors on the track and the relative address Boot Record \u003d 1. Then we find the S / F field:

S / F: \u003d (<Относ. сектор каталога> -1) Div 2.

SECTORS PER CLASTER. : This value must be chosen from the calculation that it can take 8 SECT / CLAST or 4 SECT / CLAST values.

Note. The following description refers to FAT 16. If FAT 32 is used on the disk, refer to it description

But with her there are problems. When a computer running this OS refuses to load, it may be necessary to restore the HDD boot sector from which the entire system is initialized and starting.

If the problem is not related to user actions, as a rule, built-in windows diagnostics 7 will independently solve the problem, it is enough to wait for the reboot after an unsuccessful start, in which you will be offered to boot into the system recovery tool and choose the option of self-correcting.

So, if you faced the problems described at the beginning of this material, the first thing calm down, nothing terrible happened and everything can be corrected, since the restoration of the boot sector for the modern operating system is the procedure regular.

Your actions will differ depending on what exactly led to the inability to boot into the "seven".

If you installed over Win7 WinXP operating system - it means you should download EasyBCD program. Running it in XP you can in several simple action restore the bootloader and return to the list windows downloads 7.

If you, for example, installed Windows XP on top of Windows 7 and booted through EasyBCD, and then, for some reason, we decided to demolish the section from XP to the HDD - it means you have a more complex situation. Dive XP, you deleted and easybcd, which means that now the computer does not know how to download at least some OS.

To restore the boot sector of Windows 7 will have to remember where you have a Win7 recovery disk (you certainly created it, however?) Or, if the answer is negative, then we do not care what you find that you are, then insert into the drive . Now you need to boot from the disk, and enter the section "Restore System". Using the bootrec.exe utility, which is available on installation disk And the recovery disk "Seven" restore the boot sector Win7 will not take much time.

When you select "Restoring System", you will soon have options after a short wait, most likely will be able to restore only one OS - Windows 7. On the next screen below, you will see the "Command String" option, click on it and the window opens, which will need to dial several commands.

First, check whether everything is in order with the BootRec utility, for this enter in bootrec and press the Enter key. Next, each command must be completed by pressing this key. There will be text describing the capabilities of the utility.

In order to start recovering the boot sector, you score the command

If in response the computer will write that the "operation is successful" means everything is in order and the loader overwritten. You can go to the second part, type the command

bootRec / FixBoot

After you press the input, the computer will form a new boot sector, everyone can now dial the command.

After all these manipulations, you can enjoy the normal operation of your OS.

As you were convinced, the restoration of the Windows 7 boot sector is a really simple procedure.

In each operating room wINDOVS system personal computer There are special tools that are responsible for the action or operation. But there is a tool with which you can change errors and problems, as well as implement windows restoration of command line.
If the OS load does not work, you must use the help of the BootRec.exe utility

With it, malfunctions are eliminated in the computer, data is fixed, including Windows downloads or configuration files Downloads.

Bootrec.exe - help when fixing Windows downloads

In case of malfunctions when you start a computer and detecting problems, you should use the Windows loading error correction method. It does not matter which windows is installed, the problem must be solved to continue to perform the task you set before you.

Working with such a tool like a boob. Each, use commands for, but if the problem situation originated in the OS itself, the tool must be started inside it.

If this happened in the 7-version windows, you will need an installation medium or a disk that is capable of restoring the boot sector. hard disk. Can be loaded with USB or DVD discs, It depends on the version of the OS.

Fig.1. When you saw a picture on the monitor, click on the selected function

Then it is necessary to determine with the choice of operating system in need of updating. This is a serious task, since among many systems, the correction requires only one. To continue, press the "Further" button.

Fig.2. A new window with recovery properties will open, but here you only need a boot command line.

In the absence of a disk to install on Windows 7 or the disk responsible for restoring the boot sector, access to the tools. They are with reducing hidden partitions. Windov 7 will be able to ask them in automatic modeWhen installed OS.

Perform a specific sequence: you need access to reducing systems, diagnostics, Additional parameters And team string

Record new boot sectors

The BootRec function with the / FixBoot parameter will allow you to record on the download sector within the system partition on hard drives. Performing such a procedure should be used boot sectionsBut only those that are compatible with Windows 7th and 8th versions.

Such parameters can be applied:

• If there is damage to the boot sectors, and their structure and size do not comply with the hard disk requirements.
• When recording no compatible boot sectors with Windows System.
• When the old OS WINDOVS was installed in place of the new version.

In order to record a new boot sector, you need to start bootrec. Like in the picture

MBR (in Russian - Home Downloads) - a specific dataset, code lines, partition table and signature. It is necessary for downloading the operating room windows systems After turning on the computer. There are cases when as a result of various hardware and system failures, the IBC is damaged or erased, which leads to the impossibility windows startup. Such problems decide to restore the boot record of the MBR Windows 7. This article discusses several simple methods that you can restore the record.

A bit of theory

After inclusion computer BIOS. Selects the information carrier from which the download will be performed. At this stage, the device needs to know which partition of the hard disk contains systemic windows files. MBR is a small program that is stored in the first HDD sector and indicates the computer to the correct partition to start the system.

If you incorrectly set the second operating system, the partition table may be damaged and the first Windows start will be impossible. The same sometimes occurs when the electricity is suddenly disconnected. If this happened - you should not despair, the damaged data can be fully restored.

Restoring boot record

In order to restore the MBR, you will need the installation disk from which you installed Windows (or any other). If there is no disc, you can create a bootable USB flash drive with Win7. Algorithm Actions:

Automatic recovery

To begin with, it is worth providing the MBR repair standard means from Microsoft. Select "Start Restore". Nothing is required anymore, it will take some time, and the computer will report the completion of the process. Try running Windows. If nothing happens - it means that you need to restore the ICBM manually.

Command line

This path requires entering multiple commands to the Windows command prompt.

• In the system restore menu, select "Command Line".
• Now you need to enter "Bottrec / FixMBr". This command is used to record a new MBR compatible with Win 7. The command will delete the non-standard parts of the code, correct damage, but will not affect the existing partition table.
• Next, enter "bootrec / fixboot". This command is used to create a new boot sector for Windows.
• Next "BootRec / NT60 SYS". This command will update the MBR boot code.
• Close the console, restart the computer and try running the system. If the problem is still not solved, you must enter several more commands.
• Run the console again and enter "bootrec / scanos" and "bootrec / rebuildbcd". With these utilities, the computer scans hDD For the presence of operating systems, and then make them in the download menu.
• Following again, enter "bootrec / NT60 SYS" and restart the computer.

Utility Testdisk.

If you do not have boot flash drive Or disk, you can restore a damaged recording with third-party program. To do this, run another (working) OS. If only one Windows has been on your machine, you have to connect a hard drive to another computer. Working with TestDisk is quite complex, therefore it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the manuals dedicated to this program.