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Diagnostics of Windows 10. SFC and DISM: Check and restore system files in Windows

"Follow the place of storage, set up updates on time and check your system for viruses." This is the most obvious advice with Windows PCs. It is always important to ensure the safety of your laptop or tablet. Microsoft began seriously referring security after a rather rough bug in Windows XP. Only in Windows 8 and Windows 10 Microsoft included a tool to detect and correct errors on your devices.

Using Windows 8 and Windows 10, you automatically get free antivirus protection. Moreover, you do not need to independently manage your updates or download them from the website. They operate autonomously and efficiently, ensuring the safety of your device as much as possible. Microsoft calls its own Windows Defender anti-virus.

Here is how to scan viruses in Windows 10 using Windows Defender, a security program built into each new laptop, tablet and desktop with newest operating microsoft system 2 in 1.

Before we start

Before we start, you need to note a few moments.


Note! It is important that you have had any security accessible to you to prevent infection with viruses and other problems.

How to find Windows Defender and make sure that it is turned on

  1. Click windows key on the keyboard or windows button On the taskbar on the tablet to open Start Menu.

    Note: If you use the device in Tablet mode mode, you will receive a start-up screen instead of the starting menu.

  2. Click "Settings". They are located in the lower left corner of the starting screen.

  3. Welcome to the Settings application. Now click "Update & Security".

    In the "Update & Security" section you will find everything you need to safely work your PC. Centre windows updates ensures that Windows Defender will be latest updates To detect viruses. This is the first screen you will see. Updates are installed automatically in Windows 10. Thus, you will not need to manually check the new descriptions of viruses before you run antivirus diagnostics.

  4. Click "Windows Defender" in the menu on the left part of the Settings application. This is the second menu item.

    If these gray switches, you may not doubt that Windows Defender is disabled on your device. You will need to delete another security system if you want to use Windows Defender. You can do it from the control panel or from the Settings application in the "System" section.

  5. If all these switches are enabled, you will probably get the descriptions of viruses from Microsoft servers, and Windows scans your files in real time.

    Although Microsoft integrates these parameters into the Settings application, it has not added actual scan to the Settings application. To do this, you need to go to a separate area.

  6. Click the Open Windows Defender link at the bottom of the screen.

Diagnostics using Windows Defender

Welcome to Windows Defender. The windows changed in Windows, but Windows Defender himself looks the same as always.

Note! Since this is a separate application, you do not need to dive into the Settings application before contacting Windows Defender. It is much easier than trying to remember exactly how Microsoft called the program ...

In the list of possible options to the right, determine if you want to scan the entire computer or execute express diagnostics to check the system for any urgent problems. The diagnostics feature of certain files is also provided.

Note!Windows 10 scans downloads for you in real time. You hardly have the need to often use this option.

Since updates are managed by the Windows Update Center, you do not need this tab. The History tab allows you to track the information detected by Windows Defender. If Windows Defender detects anything during scanning, it will provide you with quarantine or deleting this item. If this is the file you downloaded, always choose Delete.

If this is a Windows file, open it and immediately update your computer.

Good luck to you in working with Windows Defender. We hope that he will not need you!

Video - Verification of disk for errors in Windows 10

One of the undoubtedly indispensable Windows 10 system tools is to diagnose and troubleshoot the computer. Consisting of several child instruments, this application facilitates solving problems arising in the system - from sound failure before fixing errors in the work network adapter. But how to use this useful utility "at full power"?

Windows 10 diagnostic tools

A tool for diagnosing a computer in Windows 10 consists of 20 tools that determine the problems available in the system and correct them.

Running computer troubleshooting

In the search bar, we enter "troubleshooting" and open the found element.

We need a dedicated point in the results

How does the error correction

Diagnostics occurs as follows: The running component checks the state of the system on this moment and compares it with initial state default. If differences are detected, the tool reports this to the user and offers to "roll back" the system to the initial settings.

How to work with diagnostic tools in Windows 10

After switching to the "Troubleshooting" tool, we see a window in which we have 4 partitions.

Sections and settings available to the user


Now more about how to work with tools. Consider on the example of correcting problems with sound.

  1. Select the "Play Sound" item in the troubleshooting window.

    Diagnostics of sound problems

  2. Be sure to check the checkbox at the "Automatically apply fix" item. Click "Next".
  3. After the system detects problems - you need to apply the proposed settings, unless, of course, you want to solve the problem.

    All that is required from us - apply correction

    Sometimes the administrator rights are needed to use the settings (select the "Run on behalf of the Administrator" item).

    Administrator rights setting

How to remove memory diagnostic icon from the notification area

Some users do not like the fact that the area of \u200b\u200bnotifications (zone with small icons in the right corner) is often overflowing. Among the other, this zone may occupy a diagnostic program. How to remove an annoying icon?

Computer diagnostics when starting

Surely most of you are familiar with the picture blue Screen When starting. The text on it begins with the words "The problem arose on your PC ...".

Familiar to most pictures

Why begins

One of the most common causes of such a failure is incorrect installation of system updates. Perhaps you did not have enough patience, and you turned off the computer when you inscribe "Do not turn off. Installed updates "or this happened due to voltage drop. In any case, this inscription is not accidental, and at the moment the system requires update adjustment. For those users that they are afraid to independently enter the operation of the system - we advise you to attribute the computer to the service center. But if you want to try to make it with reservoirs, we work according to the following instructions.

How to disable

For subsequent actions, we will need to load through safe mode.

  1. Click on the notification area (the right lower angle) and select "All Parameters" tiles.

    We need a tile "All Parameters"

    2. In the window that opens, we need an item "Update and Security".

    Item "Update and Security"

    Now choose the "Restore" item and in "Special Download Options" click on "Reload Now". We wait.

    Select "Special download options" and reboot

    When booting a computer, we fall into a safe mode. Choose " Extra options"And here the loading parameters tile. As it is clear from the screen written on the screen, we need to press F4 downloads in safe mode. Press.

    Everything is described in detail on the screen.

    Now - the moment of truth. If the download passed normally, the problem causing a blue screen appeared in the program part. Then here, in safe mode, check the computer devices drivers (whether there are outdated) and view the list of programs - we are interested in suspicious programs, the installation date of which coincides with the date of the problems in the system.
    If the blue screen has prevented and downloaded in safe mode - the system warns us of a serious hardware problem, which is necessary in the service center or by rearranging Windows.

How to start checking RAM (RAM)

For this there are several ways:

In both cases, we fall into the "Check windows's memory" Here you choose the option you need.

Before us two options for launching diagnostics

RAM check will begin after rebooting the system. It will be necessary to wait a while during which the current check statuses will be displayed on the screen. At the end of the verification, the system will again be restarted. The result of the diagnostics can be viewed by clicking on the "Memory Checking Tool" icon in the notification area in the lower right corner of the screen.

Identify problems with the network and the Internet

Before you start solving problems with the network through system instruments, make sure there are no failures in the network from the Internet service provider. Try to restart the modem and / or router. If the problem remains, then you should contact the most simple way to solve network problems.

In the lower right corner, we are looking for the icon of your connection, click on it with the right mouse button and select "Diagnostics" from the context menu.

Select your type of problem

After selecting your type of problem, just follow the instructions on the screen.

One of the most common causes of problems with the network - outdated driver network device. In this case, you need to update it.

  1. Right-click on the Start icon. Select "Device Manager".

    Select "Device Manager"

  2. In this window, disclose the "Network Adapters" item.

    It is necessary to select the network adapter

    In the list of available adapters, we are looking for an Internet connection (in the picture this is the second Realtek).

    3. IN context menu select "Update Driver", and in the window that opens agree to automatic search updated drivers.

    Choose the first menu item

    Now follow the instructions on the screen and at the end closing the setup wizard.

  3. Sometimes after installing the update for the driver, the system may ask for a restart. Reboot or immediately, or when it will be convenient for you.

The problem is solved.

Problems with the diagnostic master - does not start or hangs

And what if there are problems with the master problem solving? It sounds strange, but it happens more often than you think.

We need to restart one of the components of the system. Before proceeding with the following actions, check that you are working on behalf of the system administrator.

  1. Right Button on the Start menu, turn on the control panel.

    We are looking for .NET Framework 3 versions

  2. After loading the system, we go along the same path, but now we install a tick into an active state. Click OK, reboot again.

Ready. You can start the troubleshooting tool again.

To solve regular situations and troubleshooting when operating the system, troubleshooting means is the most suitable option. There are many third-party programs And utilities, but, as a rule, Windows 10 copes with the failures on their own. All that you can not fix at home, becomes careful service Center. We remind you: if you are not sure that you master work with system files and settings - better attribute the computer to the master. Stable work!

Despite the fact that there are many programs for defining errors in the Windows operating system, check the top ten for the presence of faults simple ways Without using software.

Widgets for checking Windows 10 for errors

In the Windows 10 operating system there are several regular utilities, thanks to which you can not only determine the error, but also correct it. Consider each of them.

The first is chkdsk. It is designed to scan the disk and its sectors for errors. The utility only works with hard drives, which are formatted in FAT32 and NTFS format. New file Systems So far, for this embedded program is not available. To start Chkdsk, do the following:

  • Click "Start", "Command Line (Administrator)".
  • We enter the command "Chkdsk C: / F / R", where C is the letter of the system disk. However, if you start checking the disc, which is currently used by the system, the utility will give a failure. Therefore, this command can be checked Disc D.

  • But if you need to check the system, click "Y". After rebooting the system, the PC check will start.
  • To view the scan results, click "Win + R" and enter "MSC".

  • The event window opens. Go to the "Appendix" section and enter "CHKDSK".

  • We look at the scan results.

Also check the disk in Windows 10 using the conductor. To do this, carry out the following:

  • Open the conductor. Select the disc and click on it right mouse button. Select "Properties". A new window will open.
  • Go to the "Service" tab and click "Check".

To check the system files on errors in Windows 10, the "SFC / SCANNOW" command is intended. It checks and corrects system files that were damaged under different circumstances.

To start the utility, you must open the command line with the administrator rights, enter "SFC / SCANNOW" and wait for scanning results.

If this command cannot be executed, you can run it in safe mode or with installation disk. To do this, carry out the following:

  • Reboot your computer in safe mode;
  • Select the section "Diagnostics".

  • In the next click on the "Advanced Parameters" section.

  • In "Advanced Parameters", select the "Command Line".

  • The console will open. Through the following commands, enter the following commands: "Diskpart" and "List Volume".

  • Here you need to choose and remember the system section and reserved by the system.
  • Enter Exit.
  • We specify the command to scan: "SFC / SCANNOW / OFFBOOTDIR \u003d C: \\ / offWindir \u003d E: \\ Windows", where C is a system partition, and E is the address to the folder with Windows 10.

If you failed to correct the errors in Windows 10 using the "SFC / SCANNOW" command, it is not possible to use the "dism.exe" utility.

  • We run the command line with administrator rights and enter "DISM / Online / CleanUp-image / checkhealth" to check the disk on errors.

  • To check the integrity of the storage files, specify the "DISM / Online / CleanUp-Image / Scanhealth" command.

  • If errors have been detected, enter "DISM / Online / CleanUp-image / RestoreHealth".

  • You can find a report log at "Windows", "Logs", "DISM", "LOG".

The same commands can be used to edit the registry. Errors will be correctly corrected.

As a rule, mode windows diagnostics 10 (previously called Safe Mode) starts automatically with incorrect completion of the work operating systemas well as with various Windows failures.

SAFE MODE - Windows 10 operating system diagnostic mode

Immediately I want to note as a Windows Installer Specialist - this mode in 10-ke has undergone solid changes. There was no such extensive diagnostics and recovery tools in Windows operating systems.

That is why we consider in detail how to work in diagnostic safe mode to be able to restore Windows 10. Preparation for such tasks is always useful experienced users and system administrators.

2 ways to start secure diagnostic mode Windows 10

How to go to safe windows mode 10? IN previous versions Windows Safe The mode could be started using the F8 key. And now, in order to run the diagnostic mode in Windows 10 manually, you must do the following actions:

In the window that opens, go to the "Restore" tab, then "Special download options" and click the "Restart Now" button;

Windows 10 is forcibly leaving for reboot;


Windows 10 diagnostic mode in business

After we launched forced reboot Computer B. special version Downloads Windows 10 system is not loaded, and a blue "Select Action" window appears, where we need to decide and choose from options:

  • "Continue" - in this case, we exit the diagnostic mode, the Windows 10 system is loaded;
  • "Troubleshooting" - choosing this particular tab, we will be able to fully diagnose the system;
  • "Turn off the computer" - respectively, in this case the computer is turned off.

Open the 2nd tab, before us opens the "Diagnostics" window. Here we can also choose tasks from 2 options: "Return a computer in the initial state", "Extra options". Consider all cases of developments, first choose "Return a computer to the original state";

Here, without comment, everything is clear, so we proceed to study the tab "Advanced Parameters", to choose which you press the button with an arrow in the upper left corner.

In the "Advanced Parameters" tab, a lot useful utilitiesUsing which you can revive the Windows operating system 10. Consider more of all this gentleman's system diagnostic diagnostic set!

  • System Recovery - This tab is used to restore the system at a certain point in time. To use this feature, it is necessary to create a recovery point. Recovery points are created automatically (when this option is enabled on the disk) at certain points (for example, after installing the program or update Windows), such points can be created manually. Very useful option! I advise, from time to time, create points in manual mode.

Now let's open the "Restoring System and see what is there. So we choose accountSuppose that we want to open the recovery process, in the next window enter the password and press the "Continue" button, the "Restore system files and parameter" window opens. And we see that system disk No recovery points. By default, "System Recovery" is disabled, it must be enabled in the "System Protection" tab, which, in detail, will tell in the review article "Restoring System".


  • Restoring the System Image - If you select this option, you also need to select an account, on behalf of which will be recovered, then Windows is looking for an image of the system on the disk and gives messages with the requirement to specify the location backup. We will consider this option in the near future. Follow the news on the site and in the group in VK!

  • Loading recovery - When you select this option, the system tries to troubleshoot the problems that prevent Windows 10 downloads;

  • Command Line - When selecting this tab, command wednesday Windows 10, where you can perform many manipulations with the system (for example, start checking disk chkdsk.open utility to work with hard disks diskpart and much more);


  • Download options - Selecting this mode, you can load Windows 10 in the safe mode, which turns on the debug mode, the load log is maintained, the automatic system restart is turned off when the system fails. Run secure Windows 10 mode with specified useful options is very simple. You just need to select one of the options using the F4-F6 keys. Next occurs download windows 10 in safe mode;

Has long ceased to be a secret that Microsoft operating systems, in windows features 10, sin with different problems and errors. In general, this practice is normal, since in programming it is impossible to create a code that will be protected from all "threats". However, in Windows, errors have the property of accumulating, and when their mass is suitable for a critical mark, the collapse can occur. Therefore, it is advisable to periodically scan the operating system for the presence of minor errors and to correct them in a timely manner.

How to check the hard disk on errors with standard Windows 10 tools

Oddly enough, but the most important test of the computer should begin not from the operating system, but with iron, more than the hard drive. HDD - This is the most important part of the computer for Windows operability.. Small breakdowns and errors on the surface is a frequent phenomenon, however, when system files are located on sectors with errors, the OS can stop functioning. It is very important to warn the appearance of problems and bied sectors: The first will lead to the collapse of the operating system, and the second can permanently damage even personal information. To analyze the surface of the hard drive, the Check Disk is sewn into the system. Like a lot windows programs, the application works through the terminal command line (COP), which is called on behalf of the administrator:

It is important to remember that during the operation of the Check Disk program you cannot close the terminal, otherwise the program will stop. Not only the errors may not be corrected, but in connection with the disabling of the program, new problems may appear on the surface.

Video: How to work with a check disk utility

How to scan Windows system files

Scanning the integrity of system files can also be held windows tools. There is exist for this special utility System File Check. It also works through the command line terminal, and its main task is to analyze windows files For the purpose of the object and recovery, in the case of which they have been changed by viruses or hard disk errors:


How to check the Windows 10 storage for errors

SFC can restore system files when damaged only in cases where the Windows Storage is not damaged. However, if the problems got to the installation components of the system, then it is necessary to restore them.


 If the storage is damaged, SFC / SCANNOW does not work properly

To restore the storage, use the Dism.exe utility (Deployment Image Servicing and Management). Starting with Windows 7, the program enters standard set System components and caused through the COP:


During the check "Runner" can long time Stop at a mark of 20%, but you cannot turn off the PC or close the console during the program execution.

After the process is completed, you can again use the SFC utility to restore system files, if it was impossible before, it was impossible due to the damaged storage.

Video: Check Windows SFC and DISM System Utilities

Windows integrity check via PowerShell terminal

Another possibility to restore the repository is a special command in the PowerShell console interface.

Windows PowerShell is new Console In Windows 10, which is designed to supplement, and subsequently replacing the outdated command line terminal. Among other things, using the PowerShell shell can be controlled. standard applications operating system, "store" and much more. The restoration of the storage files is also included in the list of features of the new control terminal:

  1. In searching the system, we enter PowerShell, after which the result with the signature "Classic application" is opening it on behalf of the administrator.
    Through windows search Run PowerShell on behalf of the administrator
  2. In the console, we prescribe and run the Repair-WindowsImage -Nline -restoreHealth command. For its correct execution it is necessary active connection to the Internet.
    In the console, we prescribe and run the RepAir-WindowsImage -NLINE -restoreHealth command
  3. We expect until the task is completed, after which I reboot PC.
    The storage recovery process may take some time.

Third-party programs for checking the system for errors

In addition to the sewn tools for correcting errors and the shortcomings of the system, there are specialized programs and utilities from third-party developers. Most of them work according to the principle of Click to All Repair (fix in one click) - a function to simplify the interaction of the program and the user. Such programs can solve the mass of the system problems, but it is worth carefully approaching their choice, since they can also create problems. Excessive interference in the registry or work of services can adversely affect Windows.

Windows Repair Toolbox is a comprehensive utility to maintain the operating system with huge number opportunities. The functionality of the program is almost unlimited, as other specialized applications are used. They are available for download and installation directly inside the Windows Repair Toolbox interface.


 Windows Repair Toolbox is a comprehensive utility for operating system maintenance.

Unfortunately, the program does not have a Russian interface, but the graphs of the graph and applications are very simple to navigate. In addition to standard search for errors, the system, registry and hard disk problems, the application includes also:

  • removing malicious programs;
  • test opening file types and device capabilities;
  • removal of programs;
  • creating backups and more.

Anvisoft PC Plus is free programWhat is created on the principle Microsoft Fix IT. Only, unlike his "relative", Anvisoft PC Plus successfully works on later versions of Windows.

The program performs different tasks, basically this is a correction of the error of the system, the return of libraries, can even correct some of the BSOD errors (blue screen of death).


 Anvisoft PC Plus is a program to correct operating system errors

The principle of operation of the program is very simple: it is necessary to choose the problem category and run a correction tool. For a short time, the application will form a list possible problems And create a scenario of their solution. From the user only to start the process into action.

Warning the emergence of serious errors is an important component of the long-life operating system and a computer as a whole. It is better to spend an hour in one or two months than to waste days to reinstall the operating system and earn money on new components.