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Applied text information processing programs. Applied textual and graphical information processing software systems

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FROMWrong

Introduction

1. Applied Office Software

2. Principles of operation of software products MS Office

Conclusion

List of sources used

Introduction

In my opinion, with the advent of computers, the formation of one of the most important, as it seems to me is software environments. It appears their objects and their laws are approved, which are defined by a specific program or complex of programs. These programs form a specific type of medium where different computer objects are created: text documents, drawings, tables, drawings.

In this abstract, I want to show that in modern computer To solve one task, there is not one program, but several minutes. Several application programs combined to solve one user task are called appendix or applied environment. These are graphic and text editors, electronic table processing systems, database management systems, communication programs, sound players.

Each user personal computer Must know the most commonly used applied environments: graphics editor, text editor, electronic table processing system, database control system, because in the age information technologies It is difficult to work or just exist without these skills.

As very convenient and widespread software applications To work with different types of data are application programs Microsoft Office, which I want to consider in this work created in order to study the Windows environment.

In this paper, I want to identify how every applied environment for processing information presented in one form or another, and as the author shows tutorial "Economic Informatics" V.P. Kosarev.

1. Applied Office ApplicantsE.Nia

applied software product office

Currently, there are powerful software packages on the software market that called office systems. The most popular office systems include Microsoft Office of Microsoft and Lotus Notes Lotus Development firm. Each of the office packages contains a text editor, spreadsheets, tools for creating and supporting databases, communications tools.

The most common in Russia is currently the Microsoft Office package. This is due to the fact that Microsoft is the author of Windows and Microsoft Office (MS Office) - logically fits into the Windows interface. Understanding the logic of working with Windows, it is fairly easy to master the application windows included in MS Office. In addition, the joint implementation of a number of software, allows you to flexibly allocate their resources and work, increase overall performance.

MS Office includes a word text editor, Excel table processor, database access data, as well as special programs For office work. Among these Microsoft Outlook programs - a means of accessing a variety of information and its collective processing, PowerPoint - a powerful application for preparing and conducting presentations, FrontPage - application to create Web pages and a number of others.

Due to the fact that the Windows system is constantly modified by the manufacturer, version software package MS Office varies accordingly with it. For example, for Windows 95, MS Office 95 has been developed, which includes Word 7.0, Excel 7.0, etc.

In connection with the appearance of the version operating system Windows 2007 has developed a new version of the MS Office 2007 Office package. The main feature of the listed operating systems is a high level of integration with the Internet. Currently, the MS Office 2007 package has been introduced and successfully functions.

In the descriptions of this version, it is noted that it goes beyond the boundaries of traditional desktop systems, turning into a corporate application for enterprises of any scale. This version It can be viewed as a platform for creating specialized solutions or a client access to corporate data.

In general, the main trend in the development of software products of this package is to increase the level of intelligence of the interface and the functions themselves. With each new version Office products are improved by the possibilities of grammatical and lexical control. IN new system The menu is intended to display only the most frequently used features, and each user can configure the menu structure so that it is convenient for it personally.

For each specialist from the office of any level assigned certain functional responsibilities that directly affect the choice of the composition and capabilities of the programs used.

For the head of the office (Chief Accountant, the Financial Director, etc.), it is necessary to have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe new features of MS Office software to work together. In addition to this, the possibility of information exchange between employees is of great importance for organizing office management.

An important advantage of Windows applications is visibility.

First, all the tools of the medium that are at the disposal of the user can be presented graphically as a command buttons located on a special panel. Under the tools are the commands of the main menu, allowing the user to perform actions on the objects of the application system. On the command buttons is placed graphic image tool. Currently, the images on the buttons are standardized, so we can talk about the special language of computer designations. Each medium has a set of standard tools, such as: Open, Save, Delete, Cancel, Copy, Insert.

Buttons with these tools are placed on the panel called Standard panel.

Figure 1-submenu Main menu file

Secondly, the documents created in applications are displayed on the screen exactly in this form, in which will be printed on paper. This is especially important when it knows in advance what format should the final document should be and how it should look.

Another distinctive feature of Windows applications is the work in multitasking mode. On the desktop, several documents created by various applications can be opened at the same time. You can simultaneously edit the drawing, write a letter, make calculations, build charts.

It should, however, clarify the concept of simultaneity. All of the above tasks can be run on execution. The user cannot simultaneously use the same body of information perception for two different tasks. Accordingly, in such cases, the person works consistently, for example, first draws, then he writes, and only then can build a schedule.

However, if different information perceptions are involved in each of the tasks, these tasks can really be executed simultaneously, for example, you can listen to music by running the laser player program, and typing the text by running the text processor.

And the ability to exchange data between applications. System environment Provides two different ways to exchange data between applications: through the clipboard and OLE technology.

Exchange through the buffer allows either to move the document of the document to a new place, or place on a new place or in new document A copy of the object without saving connections with the application in which this object was created.

OLE technology provided by Windows software supports constant contact between the application medium, where the object is embedded, and the applied environment where this object was created. The use of OLE technology is effective in cases where the same object is used in different documents.

The organization of data exchange between applied environments ensures their integration. Under the integration of applied environments it is understood as their association when it becomes possible to share objects of each of these environments.

For example, the user must make a certificate for the Sales Department staff and lead their photos in the help. Obviously, the basis of the report will be a text document. In addition, the user has a database on employees where the search for data on sales department is being searched. The search result (sample) is placed in a text document in which in addition to its own objects there is a sample from the database and photographs.

Applications running in windows Environmenthave a very similar graphical interface. Having learned to use one program of this class, you can quickly master the rest. Having understood in her features and practicing a little, you can feel quite confident. No matter how different external interfaces of applied media, they all consist of the same type of elements in their intended purpose.

In each of them, four zones can be distinguished:

the header string of the application environment where the application window control tools are placed, and the name of the medium is displayed;

control zone, where application management and documents are placed;

work field where the editable documents are placed;

reference area where information about the operation modes of the application and prompts is placed.

So, all programs created for Windows have a standard window interface. They have the same type of reference zones and control zones. The type of desktop varies depending on the applied environment.

2 . Principles of software productsMS Office.

Despite the variety of versions of the software products of the MS Office family, they laid the uniform principles for building work with them. This allows, mastering one tool, in the future it is fairly easy to master its new versions.

Text Processors, a bright representative of which is the Word text editor, is a universal software environment for working with text documents.

The history of the development of such software is based on the desire to simplify work with various types of documents (printed publications, documents, reports, dissertations, essays, etc.)

The Word text editor provides a person with a variety of opportunities, both in the preparation of texts and when manipulating with ready-made text documents stored on various media. From fragments of finished texts, you can form new texts; In texts, you can embed various objects created in other applications; Text documents can be transmitted over local and global computer network communication lines.

For Word Editor, you can note the following features, usually inherent in other text processors:

the use of a variety of fonts and their designs (bold, mean, contour, with shadow, pastry, substitution, with discharge or seal, in different color, etc.);

use in one document of symbols of alphabets of different languages \u200b\u200b(Cyrillic, Latin, Greek, Arab, Jewish, etc.);

editing text and spelling (spelling and grammar);

automatic splitting of the document on the page, the introduction of the headers of the pages (upper and lower footers), footnotes;

built-in business graphics tools (allowing to include in the text of the circuit, drawings, diagrams);

a variety of finished text formatting tools (alignment, columns, numbering);

the introduction of stepped, multi-level table of contents;

search and replace the text fragment;

working with multiple documents at the same time, including documents of different environments (text, spreadsheets, graphics, databases).

In addition, in Word editor, there is a wide range of automation tools that simplify the execution of typical tasks:

work with symbol macro statements;

auto margin typos when entering;

automatic text formatting when entering (autoformat);

automatic offer of the full date, as well as words or phrases from the list of autotelext after entering several or first letters (auto-warning);

automatic analysis of the document in order to highlight its key provisions, on the basis of which the author's abstract is compiled;

the ability to create styles;

automatic provision of tips and reference information that may be needed in the course of the task (assistant);

the presence of a wizard of letters, calendars, agendas, summaries, envelopes, faxes that facilitate work on creating documents.

Figure 2 shows the objects of documents created in the Word text processor environment.

They can be divided into objects created:

in the environment of the text processor;

in other environments and implemented in document Word.

Figure 2-object text document

The main Word object is the text that is character information, namely:

symbolic paragraphs;

fragments of text Selected blocks.

The Word editor provides work with each of these structures, as with one whole. In addition, this editor has a built-in business graphics toolkit and many applications that allow, without leaving their main program, generate autofigurists, tables, creating diagrams, structural schemes and formulas.

Word provides the user with the ability to insert fragments from documents created in other software environments to the text document, for example, in the Paint graphics editor, in the Excel Table Processor, in the Access database management system and others.

Despite the fact that the document created in this way consists of dirty data, it behaves like a holistic education. It can be printed, stored, forward and produce any other actions with it, as with a regular document. Such documents received the name of the components of the integrated documents.

With a tabular presentation of data, we are also often encountered in many areas of activity, starting with household needs and ending with accounting or scientific calculations.

Software, called electronic table processing system or tabular processor, allows you to automate routine operations for performing homogeneous calculations and recalculate with changing source data.

In the cells of the spreadsheet, you can make various information: text, numbers and formulas.

Cells may contain independent data, which are usually entered manually or uploaded from a certain data file. These data can be used as source for calculating the values \u200b\u200bof other cells. In cells with calculated values, formulas for calculations are entered. The user usually sees the results of calculations on the specified formulas on the screen. Each time changes in the cells, automatic recalculation in all cells associated with the variable calculation rules.

Modern tabular processors to which you can count and Excel provide the user with the following features:

work with "jobs" (a set of tables);

the task in the tables of numbers and formulas, recalculate the values \u200b\u200bof the calculated cells in the changes in the source data;

building diagrams according to tables;

big set of built-in functions;

automatic filling of cells with sequences (days of the week, months, etc.);

ability to work with external databases;

management of text parameters;

output tables for printing;

the ability to create macros (series of commands grouped together to simplify work);

spellchecking;

search, sorting and systematizing information, that is, the use of the spreadsheet as the simplest database.

It should be emphasized again that the spreadsheet allows not only to automatically perform the calculations, but is very effective tool For numerical modeling. Changing in all sorts of combinations the values \u200b\u200bof the initial parameters, you can monitor the change in the output data and analyze the results obtained. A tabular processor instantly provides many options for solutions based on which you can choose the most acceptable.

Figure 3-objects of a table document

Documents created in the Excel tabular processor environment contain tables and charts.

Charts are a visual means of presenting data and facilitate the execution of data comparisons, identifying patterns, etc. For example, instead of analyzing several columns of numbers on a sheet, you can, looking at the diagram, find out, fall or grow prices for goods of everyday demand or compare the cost of the same enterprise.

To create a diagram, you should, first of all, enter the data into the table, and then highlight the area in the table, by which the diagram will be built. For step-by-step creation The diagrams are offered by the environment Master charts.

The diagram can be created on a separate sheet or place as an embedded object on a sheet with data. In this regard, there are two types of diagrams:

embedded charts;

diagram sheets.

The implemented diagram is considered as a graphic object and persists as part of the sheet on which it is created. Implemented diagrams should be used in cases where you want to display or print one or more diagrams along with the data.

The chart leaf is a separate sheet in a book having its own name. Chart sheets should be used in cases where you want to see or change large or complex diagrams separately from data or when you want to save the screen space to work with the sheet.

Regardless of the placement method, the diagram is associated with the source data on the sheet, that is, when updating the data, the diagram is updated and created on them.

Modes excel works Provide:

input and subsequent storage of data and links between them;

editing data when entering;

automatic recalculation of results when changing the source data;

building diagrams representing numerical data in a visual form;

automatic change in diagrams when changing the data by which they are built.

The spreadsheets are a mandatory attribute of office and software. First, they can be used to store and streamline data, i.e. as the reporting form. Secondly, spreadsheets allow you to automate routine single-type calculations. Thirdly, on tabular data, you can build charts that allow you to analyze this data in the most affordable way - visually.

Having considered the most common programs among users, it is impossible not to stop at other programs included in the MS Office package.

Microsoft Outlook software has replaced a variety of notebooks and written bookswho used managers and secretaries to organize their work. So, for storing information about various people and organizations, telephone books were used, for planning daily meetings and cases - weekly, for temporary records - Notepads for notes. In addition to these types of notebooks, work plans were made for one week, for one month, per year, etc.

The Microsoft Outlook program is designed to organize documents and planning tasks, including to send mail, planning meetings, events, and meetings, keeping a list of contacts and a list of tasks, as well as accounting for all work performed.

The information with which the user works in the Outlook environment is organized in the form of folders, which are similar to their paper predecessors. Convenient ways of presenting information, its search, reminder tools offered by the Outlook environment can help effectively organize the user. Outlook Wednesday can also be used by the head, and the secretary, and other employees of any firm.

The main elements of the information with which the Outlook environment works are the folders contacts, calendar, tasks, notes, diary.

Folder Contacts is a storage of information and data on people with which business and personal relationships are supported.

In the Outlook environment, the calendar folder is intended for planning meetings, meetings and events.

To describe the task and task solution organization, the task folder is used.

Phone calls, as well as all work on creating and processing various documents on the computer is fixed in the Diary folder.

The main actions that can be performed above the elements in the Outlook environment are:

install and change parameters;

highlight, copy, paste a copy, delete;

mark as made;

forward to another person;

attach a document;

tie with contact.

Outlook software environment allows you to organize both the personal work of each user and group work (if necessary for a group of employees of the organization). Group work involves working with one and the same documents.

For the organization of group work, employees need to be in the enterprise the network has been organized and installed general rules Addressing and sending files over the network from one employee to others. This question is engaged in a special employee - the network administrator.

Modern computer technologies allow you to organize the storage of a variety of information on the computer in electronic form. Special programs are used for storing and processing a large number of information. systems controle.databases.

Under the database, it is necessary to understand some combination of specially organized data that is stored on any material carrier. It is important that this is not a set of scattered data. The data must be interconnected so that the person can make an idea of \u200b\u200bany object, phenomenon or process. Data in one database must be interconnected by meaning, logically. This is achieved by grouping (association) them for certain features. This process was called data structuring. It should be noted that as a result of data structuring, a database in a computer or non-computers should appear. This is determined by whether the computer was used. Any database must have name.

To organize the database work, a special range of programs has been created, which called the DBMS (database management system). It provides the user with various search capabilities, sorting, modifications and data editing. DBMS applications are quite diverse. Consider the operation of the ACCESS DBMS, which is part of the Microsoft Office Application Programs.

Of all the creations of Microsoft, accountants are most familiar with the Word text editor and the Excel tabular processor. With the help of the last, some even persecute automate accounting in the enterprise. And one application from the popular microsoft package Office by most users are undeservedly forgotten. We are talking about the database management system (DBMS) called Access.

To understand this section, you need to know the concept of database. Speaking simply, it is a huge (or not very) amount of information in which, nevertheless, it is convenient to navigate and look for what you need. Since most accounting registers are more convenient to operate in electronic form, the accountant may well behave, say, the registration log of invoice or the main book in the database created for this. Undoubtedly, you can do and excel TablesBut in this program there are no opportunities such as building queries, work with lists and many others implemented by Access.

DBMS tools include:

the main database window;

tools for creating tables;

database view view management tools;

data processing tools;

data output tools.

Working with the database begins with creating tables. There may be several of them. Tables are the main storage of information.

At all stages of work, you can edit the table, which implies:

structure Changing: Adding and Removing Fields;

changing the types and properties of fields;

data Editing: Correction of Inaccurate Data, Adding Records.

The table is characterized by the name, structure and number of records.

The Access toolbar is similar to the one that is available in the Word program. However, this similarity ends. Unlike a text document, the database (database) must first be called, save on disk, and then fill in content.

Conclusion

Applied software products Microsoft Office. Automate the activities of specialists of subject areas. A trend has been formed to create automated jobs that fully support all the professional activities of the user.

The author shows that this environment appears their facilities and their laws that are determined by a specific program or a complex of programs are approved. In my opinion, the author very clearly shows "innovations" and simplicity in their use, which is a major aspect for most users.

The user of a personal computer should know the most commonly used application environments: a graphic editor, a text editor, a spreadsheet processing system, a database management system, which is why Karelov pays more attention to working with these applications.

In this work, I revealed how each applied environment was created for processing information presented in one form or another, and as the author of the tutorial shows.

By summing up the work done by me, I decided that in modern society the role of computer knowledge and the ability to work in certain applications is important, since on this moment There are few activities that are not related to the use of computer.

But, unfortunately, I could not fully explore this topic, because on the topic "Applied software Office destination "There is a huge lot of literature, telling more about this section. Exploring this topic, I read only one source and therefore I can not fully disclose the content after me. But I liked this topic, and I will not stop and in the future I will try to better explore this topic.

List of sources used

1 Economic Informatics: Finance and Statistics, 2004, 583 p.

Posted on Allbest.ru.

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Chapter I. Information Processing Programs

1.1 Text Information Tools

Application programs are designed to ensure the use of computing equipment in various fields of human activity. Therefore, this class of programs is the greatest interest for the mass user of the computers.
Figure 1 shows the software scheme

Fig. 1. Schematic software

Because of the huge variety of application software, there are many options for its classification. Consider the most common classification of application programs. We divide this software for 2 large classes:
1. PS general purpose. Such includes programs that ensure the fulfillment of the most commonly used, universal tasks (text editors, table processors, graphic editors, DBMS, etc.).
2. PS professional level . The programs of this class are focused on a fairly narrow subject area, but they penetrate enough deeply (publishing systems, CAPR - automated design systems, 3D graphics programs, video editing programs, music editors, ACS - automated control systems, etc.).
Each class is divided into numerous subclasses.
Despite the wide possibilities of using computers for processing the most different information, the most popular programs are still used to work with the text. When preparing text documents, three main groups of operations are used on the computer:
- Operations input allow you to transfer the source text from its external form in electronic form, that is, a file stored on a computer. Entering can be carried out not only with a set using a keyboard, but also by scanning a paper original, transferring a document from a graphical format to text.
- Operations editing (edits) allow you to change an already existing electronic document by adding or removing its fragments, permuting the parts of the document, merging multiple files, partitioning a single document into a slight smaller and so on.
Entering and editing when working on text is often performed in parallel. When entering and editing, the content of a text document is formed.
Document registration is set by operations formatting. Formatting commands allow you to accurately determine how text will look on the monitor screen or on paper after printing on the printer.
Programs designed to handle text information called text editors.
All variety of modern text editors can be divided into three main groups.
To first include Simple text editorsWith a minimum opportunity and capable of working with documents in the usual TXT text format, which, as is known, with all its simplicity and universal support, does not allow more or less decently to format text. To this group editors can be attributed as included in the package of the Windows of the Windows family editors WordPad. And very little feeble Notepad.And a whole poprayal of similar products of third-party manufacturers (Atlantis, Editpad, Aditor Pro, etc.).
The intermediate class of text editors includes quite wide opportunities in terms of document design. They work with all standard text files (TXT, RTF, DOC). These programs can be attributed Microsoft Works., Lexicon.
The third group includes powerful text processors, such as the Microsoft Word. or StarOffice Writer.. They perform almost all operations with text. Most users use these editors in everyday life, however, the overwhelming majority of their capabilities are practically not used.
The main functions of text editors and processors are: - Editing text rows;
- the ability to use various symbol fonts;
- copying and transferring part of the text from one place to another or from one document to another;
- contextual search and replacement of text parts;
- the task of arbitrary arrest gaps;
- automatic word transfer to the new string;
- automatic numbering of pages;
- processing and numbering of footnotes;
- Alignment of the edges of paragraph;
- creating tables and constructing charts;
- verification of spelling words and selection of synonyms;
- construction of tables and subject pointers;
- Printout of the prepared text on the printer in the desired number of instances, etc.
Figure 2 shows a scheme of working with text.

Fig. 2. Working scheme with text

Also, almost all text processors have the following functions:
- support for various document formats;
- insert into the text of most external objects of various programs;

- multi-cycle, i.e. Ability to work with several documents at the same time;
- insert and edit formulas;
- the ability to create a variety of tags (bookmarks, footnotes, references);
- automatic saving editable document;
- work with multicolone text;
- the ability to work with various formatting styles;
- creating document templates;
- analysis of statistical information;
Today, almost all powerful text editors are part of integrated software packagesintended for the needs of a modern office. So, for example, Microsoft Word is part of the most popular office package. Microsoft Office., StarOffice Writer is also included in the world famous StarOffice..
Also, many modern text editors contain the ability to create web pages, and some are generally oriented. Almost all test processors are able to work with HTML format, but to use them for a serious creation of web pages is quite uncomfortable. Special are used here web Pages Editors .
Currently, two types of such editors are widely used:
Editors actually HTML texts (Allaire Homesite, Hotdog, CoffeeCup Html Editor, Ken Nesbitt Web Editor and many others). During the work, the user sees the internal content of the HTML file and can change it or manually, or calling the menu command to insert certain HTML elements.
Editors type WYSIWYG. ("What you see, then you will get") (Microsoft Front Page, Macromedia Dreamweaver, Hotmetal Pro and others). The user does not see the "indoors" of the document, it works directly with the end result, i.e. all changes are immediately displayed in the HTML page of the page with which you can also directly work in these editors. Basically, working with WYSIWYG editors, there is practically no need to know HTML tags - special language teams that control the type of document, its structure. On the other hand, for efficient work, it is still necessary for the elementary concepts about the language and compliance with tags by results on the screen.

1.2. Tools tabular information

Table view of data has its own characteristics. Many types of data are much more convenient to store and process in tabular form, especially numeric. Automation of tabular calculations increases many times efficiency and quality of work. Computer programs intended for storing and processing data presented in table form are called spreadsheets or table processors .

Scope of Electronic Tables

The appearance historically coincides with the beginning of the distribution of personal computers. The first program for working with this table processor was created in 1979, it was intended for Apple II computers and was called Visi Calc.. In 1982, a famous tabular processor appears Lotus 1-2-3.intended for IBM PC. Lotus combined the computational capabilities of the business schedule and the function of the relational DBMS. The popularity of table processors grew very quickly. New software products of this class appeared: Multiplan, Quattro Pro, Super Calc, etc. One of the most popular table processors today is MS Excelincluded in the Microsoft Office package.
The spreadsheets allow you to solve a whole range of tasks.
Perform calculations. Many calculations have long been performed in tabular form, especially in the field of office work: numerous calculated statements, tabulars, cost estimates, etc. In addition, the solution of numerical methods of a number of mathematical tasks It is convenient to perform in tabular form. The spreadsheets are a convenient tool for automating such calculations. The solutions of many computational tasks on the computer, which used to be carried out only by programming, it became possible to implement on spreadsheets.
Math modeling. The use of mathematical formulas in this allows you to submit a relationship between different parameters of some real system. The main property is an instantaneous recalculation of formulas when changing the values \u200b\u200bof the operands included in them. Thanks to this property, the table is a convenient tool for organizing an experiment: selection of parameters, forecast of the behavior of the simulated system, dependency analysis, planning. Additional simulation facilities makes it possible to graphically present data.
Using the spreadsheet as a database. Of course, compared to DBMS, spreadsheets have fewer opportunities in this area. However, some data manipulation operations characterized by relational DBMS are implemented in them. This is a search for information on specified conditions and sorting information.

1.3. Wednesday table processor

When working with a tabular processor, the table is displayed and the dialog panel is displayed. The spreadsheet is presented in the form of a matrix consisting of row and column. The rows are numbered from top to bottom, starting from 1. The columns are called Latin letters (single and two-letter names) in alphabetical order in the direction from left to right. The number of rows and columns depends on the specific type of TP.
At the intersection of rows and columns are formed cells (Cells), each of which has its own designation (name, address), consisting of a column name and row numbers: A1, C5, AU356, etc. On the display screen, not the entire spreadsheet (document) is visible, but only its part. The document is fully stored in RAM.
An important element of the spreadsheet is Table Cursor - Rectangle highlighted by color or frame. The cell, which is currently occupied by the cursor, is called current cell. When you move the cursor, the table is moving the "window" according to the document, as a result of which the various parts are visible. Part of the table filled with information is called active table. Different table processors may vary on the screen of the work field and the dialog panel.
Input line (formula string) Designed to reflect the data entered in the current cell. In this row, you can view and edit the formula stored in the cell; In the cell itself, the user sees the result of calculating the formula.
Main modes of operation:
Readiness mode. In this mode, the current cell is selected or the selection of the cells block.
Data entry mode . There is a hurt data entry from the keyboard to the current cell.
Editing mode . Used if necessary, edit the contents of the cell without its full replacement.
Command mode . The mode of selection and execution of commands from the hierarchical menu system. After executing the command, returns to the readiness mode.
Table display modes . In cells storing formulas, the results of calculation using formulas or the formulas themselves are displayed. The first mode is called Mode of display of valuessecond- the display mode of formulas. The working status of the table is the display mode of values. The display mode of the formulas is used in the formation and debugging of the table.
Computing control mode . The table processor produces calculations by the formulas, scanning the table in a specific order. Such scanning always begins with cell A1. The procedure for calculations can be set by lines or columns. Some TPs allow you to install this order at the request of the user. Each time you enter new data into the cell, the entire table is automatically recalculated again (automatic account mode). In some TP, there is the possibility of setting the manual recalculation mode, i.e. The table is re-monitored after submitting a special team.
Team system:
TP commands are organized into a hierarchical system, the top level of which is the main menu. In addition, the execution of commands can be initiated through the toolbar, the context menu, "hotkeys".
Editing commands Tables allow you to manipulate with fragments of the table: delete, copy, move, paste. Inserts and removing columns or strings lead to the shift of other rows or table columns. At the same time, the relative addressing acting in the table automatically modifies the formulas in accordance with their changed addresses. Copying allows you to quickly build large tables containing the same type elements.
Formatting commands screen change appearance Tables, its design. The format elements include:
- Directions of alignment of data regarding cell boundaries;
- the height of the string and the width of the column;
- type, inscription and font size;
- format of representation of numbers (normal, exponential, discharge);
- view of table distinguishes;
- color background, etc.
File Work Commands include standard set Commands that allow you to open and save files to organize output to print the resulting document.
Work teams with a table as a database . The ability of TP to search and select data from the table allows the use of a spreadsheet as a simple database, when working with databases, deal with entries and fields. The table of the database itself is the table itself, the records are the rows of the table, fields - table cells. TP implemented search and sorting commands. To organize a search and remote data, you need to set:
input block, i.e. the range of cells in which data (entries and fields) is stored; Important requirement: All rows in this block must be homogeneous;
block criteria. the range of cells containing the condition according to which the selection and selection of data from the input unit is carried out;
output block, i.e., the range of cells in which data from the input unit will be retrieved in accordance with the condition contained in the criteria block. The task of these blocks is carried out by special teams.
Sorting the rows of the table is performed by the values \u200b\u200bof a specific column. The team indicates the order of sorting: - ascending or decreasing the values \u200b\u200b(in the same sense as the database)
Graphic data processing commands It is possible to display numeric information in graphical form, most often - in the form of charts. The graphic mode commands can be divided into two groups: diagrams description commands (set the data to be displayed in graphical form, set the type of diagrams, etc.); Charts output commands.
Tabar data:
Data for table processors is the information contained in the table cells presented in a specific symbolic form. The contents of the spreadsheet can be formula or text. A special case of formula is numerical Constanta or variable, more common - arithmetic or logical expression.
Data types . The text processor should "know" what type of data is stored in a specific table cell in order to correctly interpret its contents. So, for example, a sign of text data is the symbol "(double quotes). The data type is determined by the set of values \u200b\u200btaken by the magnitude and a set of operations applicable to the values \u200b\u200bof this type. From here, for example, it follows that it is impossible to apply arithmetic operations to table cells in which text information is stored. The main types of data in spreadsheets are numerical, Symbol, logical.
Data structure . The minimum structural element of the data presented in the spreadsheet is a cell. The main work is made with cells: they are filled, edit, purified. Cells are combined into data structures - columns and lines.
The basic structural concept in the spreadsheet is the concept range of cells (blok). It is used in many teams of tabular processors and in some functions. The range is a plurality of cells forming a rectangular form in the table (matrix). The minimum range is a cell, a string and column, which are also a block, the maximum range is the entire table. Some tabular processors allow you to specify a name for the cell range, which gives it possible to work with the unit as a single integer.
Addressing .
Attention should be paid to the specific relationship of the structure of the spreadsheet and the ECM RAM. In both cases, the principle of addressing for storing and searching for information is used. The difference is that the lowest unit is byte, and the cell (cell) in the table is the least addressable unit.
Symbolic variable names are at the same time their addresses in the table. The table can be installed relative addressing mode or absolute addressing mode.
In the relative addressing mode, any changes in the location of the formula by copying the block, block transfer, insert or delete rows or columns lead to an automatic change in variable addresses in formulas located in offset cells. In other words, formulas are modified in accordance with their new position. When the relative addressing mode is canceled, the absolute addressing mode is set. In this case, when the cells of modification cells do not occur.
Very often in numeric tables, various final data are counted: amounts, average values, the largest, smallest values. Obtaining such data is called statistical processing of the table. All tabular processors have appropriate functions for this. The presentation of tabular data in graphical form is used in practice. Graphic processing attaches visibility, review the results of calculations. Tableware processors provide the user to choose a set of types of diagrams (histograms, graphs). Such graphic tools are called calling. business graphic.

Chapter II. Computer information systems

2.1. Classification of databases

Computer information systems allow you to store large amounts of data, to carry out their processing. The basis of any information system is the database.
Figure 3 shows the scheme of computer systems.

Fig. 3 Computer Systems Scheme
etc.................

Storage, processing and transmission of texts - an area in which computers apply very widely and quite a long time.

Computer set and editing have become the main way of preparing texts for writers, journalists and students. Working with text using a computer is noticeably more convenient than to write manually or print on a typewriter - if only because it is much easierless to make any changes to the finished text.

Electronic copying of texts - both on computer media and transmission computer networks - became the most powerful engine freedom of speech all over the world. Any opinion, any message, the presentation of any idea now has become possible to distribute quickly and widely, and for this it does not require expensive and bulky printing house.

Text Document - This is an information block containing text as basic information. BUT B. text document Not always contains text. It may have additional information, such as: table of contents, links, headlines, different types of fonts, as well as graphic images, tables, etc.

The main text entry tool is the keyboard. There are text recognition systems that allow you to transfer text printed on paper in an electronic form, as well as voice input systems that must be understood by any dictation (however, this is a very complex technical task).

Entering text to the computer and its change is called editing, and programs that allow you to enter and modify the text - text editors. Any test editor allows you to: enter text from the computer keyboard; Change the text already entered (for example, correct typos, enter new words or phrases, delete existing, etc.); Save text in the file, as well as read previously saved text.

Programs that allow you to work not only with the text, but also with for more informationCalled text processors.They allow you to see a document as it will be brought to print. Such a document display is calledWYSIWYG. (from the English. " What You See Is What You Get"-" You get the same as you can see ").

As a rule, text processors are included in the so-called office sets (packages) of software. Having studied the principles of working with any single text processor, we will be able to work with any other.

There are several well-known sets of office programs. Most commonMicrosoft Office. . It includes the most famous programs - a text processor.Microsoft Word. (Figure 40), tabular processor -Microsoft Excel and others. Office Package Created companyMicrosoft. . This is the largest American company producing software, it belongs, in particular, the operating systemWindows.

Figure 40 - Interfacec Microsoft Word 2007

However, several problems arise here: the main of them is the price and dependence on the overseas manufacturer. Legal useMicrosoft Office. It is very expensive. Cheap CDs are considered illegal, their distribution is prohibited by law. These shortcomings are deprived of the packageOpenOffice. Org. . He is free, this means that it can be legally copied and even to sell, as well as study and refine. So, the Russian version is prepared by the Russian team. There are versionsOpenOffice. Org. for all modern operating systems, and not just forWindows . It can be used under controlLinux. or other freely distributed operating system and on computersimac. In the OpenOffice package. Org. An text processor is includedOpenOffice. Org Writer.

Consider and compare the main features of text processorsMicrosoft. Word. 2007 and OpenOffice.. org. Writer. 3.0 .

Text processors allow you to make inserts of drawings, formulas, sound and video files, spreadsheet files, presentations and other objects. This feature is based on the technology "Implementation and binding of objects" ( Ole. - Object Linking and Embedding) allowing you to create comprehensive documents From different types of data, ensure the collaboration of several applications when preparing one document, copy and transfer objects between applications.

The text processor is a multifunctional text processing program (with elements of the possibilities of the desktop publishing system).

Briefly describe interface window ProcessorOpenOffice. Org Writer. . The pictographic menu is a row of pictograms that duplicate frequently used operations available and in the main menu. The coordinate rules are located above the window and to the left of the document. Using the coordinate line, which is located above the window, can change paragraph indents, the length of the dial string and the width of the speakers. The status bar is on the bottom edge of the windowOpenOffice. Org Writer. . In the process of entering data, it highlights the position of the input cursor and others. On the monitor screen, the text may be presented on a different scale and in a different form, the "View" menu meets. IN general Interface windowOpenOffice. Org Writer. can be compared with the window Word 2003.

Main replacement menu and toolbars in Word. 2007 Serves "Ribbon". It is designed to facilitate access to commands and consists of tabs associated with specific goals or objects. Each tab, in turn, consists of several groups of interrelated controls. Compared to the menu and toolbars, the "Ribbon" tools accommodates significantly more content - buttons, collections, dialog boxes, etc.

In addition to the standard set of tabs that are displayed on the "Ribbon", there are two types of tabs that are displayed in the interface depending on the task being performed. Contextual tools allow you to work with an element that is highlighted on a page, for example, with a table, image or graphic object. If you click this item related to the set of contextual tabs, highlighted by color, will appear next to the standard tabs. Tabs apps Replace the standard set of tabs when switching to certain views or content representation modes, for example, "preview".

Along with tabs, groups and teams, in Word 2007. Menu and toolbars are used, familiar users to previous versions. Word. For example, the button "Microsoft Office. "Located in the upper left corner of the application Word.used to call a menu for working with files ("Create", "Open", "Save", etc.) and a menu that allows you to set a variety of text processor parameters. . Panel quick access Default is located in the left upper part of the application window Word.and designed to quickly access the most frequently used features. The quick access panel can be configured by adding new commands to it. Call buttons dialog boxes - These are small badges that can be displayed in some groups. By pressing this button, the corresponding dialog box or the task area containing extra optionsassociated with this group.

Editing text The text processor consists in removing, adding, copying and transferring text fragments, as well as checking spelling using the keyboard keys or the pictographic menu. There are two types of copying and moving sections of the text: manual equipment and using the clipboard. Clipboard - This is a plot of RAM, in which carved or copied text or graphics temporarily placed. Copying or moving sections of text inWord.it is performed using the menu commands: "Home / Cut" or "Home / Copy" and "Home / Paste" commands. Copying or moving sections of text inOpenOffice.. org. Writer.putted using the menu commands: "Edit / Cut" or "Edit / Copy" and "Edit / Paste" commands.

Text formatting Contains the possibility of choosing the following parameters: font, paragraphs, fillings, lists, frames, style, etc. To the font parameters, in turn, include: headset (drawing), drawing, size (Клег). Each headset has its name, for example, ARIAL, Times New Roman, Tahoma. Fonts can be straight and inclined. The inclined version of the fonts is most often called italics. The vertical font size is measured in "paragraphs", one paragraph is 1/72 inches - approximately 0.353 mm. The font of the size of 10 points - it is called the tenth Kehal - often used in books. Fourteenth Kehel printed the text of the typewriter, and this font size is often used and now in the preparation of various documents.

Text formatting in OpenOffice.. org. Writer.performed using the "Format / Symbols / Font" menu, and inWord. Using the Home / Font menu.

Text may be located in several speakers. Menu "Format / Speakers" inOpenOffice.. org. Writer.causes a dialog box in which you can select the number of columns, width and gap for each, set them the same in width or set the width each. The "Apply" button will make it possible to arrange not all the text, but only the selected part. Menu "Page / Speaker Markup" inWord. Allows you to do the same.

Text processor allows break downinto two partitions or more if you need to install various page formatting settings (fields, paper size, page orientation - book or landscape) for different sections. For this B.OpenOffice.. org. Writer.the "Insert / Section" command is used before and after the section formatted, and inWord. team "Insert / break page." By default, formatting apply to the entire document.

Paragraph - This is part of the text between the two press keys. Paragraph has several settings. Its formatting makes it possible to establish a paragraph indent - otherwise it is also called the "red string", indents on the right and left, the intervals in front of the paragraph and after it and the firm interval. When formatting a paragraph, it is not necessary to pre-allocate it, it is enough that the cursor is at any point of paragraph. Formatting paragraph inOpenOffice.. org. Writer.performed using the "Format / Paragraph" menu, and inWord. Using the "Home / Paragraph" menu.

Style Registration is a named set of settings for design parameters (font, paragraphs). If you need to design paragraph most often use the finished style or menu "Format / Styles" inOpenOffice.. org. Writer. or menu command "Home / Styles" inWord..

Word text processor is equipped with editor formulas MS Equation.which allows you to create formula expressions and insert them into the text when you select the "Insert / Formula" menu item. INOpenOffice.. org. Writer. This allows you to make the "Insert / Object / Formula" command.

For work S. tables Used Table menu inOpenOffice.. org. Writer. And the "Insert / Table" menu in Word. When working with the table, it is possible to change its parameters (height and widths of the cells), adding and removing columns, rows and cells, as well as editing the contents of each table of the table, in which text, number, formula or pattern can be contained.

OpenOffice.. org. Writer. Allows you to create own pictures Using the Drawing toolbar ("Insert / Toolbar / Drawing"), Word using the Insert / Figure / Frames command.

In addition to their own drawings, text processors allow you to implement ready-made images to the documents using the "Insert / File" command inOpenOffice.. org. Writer. and menu item "Insert / Figure" in Word.

In the voluminous document using the text processor it is convenient to create table of contents. This tool allows you to quickly move via text, choosing one of the items on the first page of the document. To do this, select the "Insert / Table and Pointers" menu inOpenOffice.. org. Writer.. To create a title style, the "Format / Styles / Styles and Formatting" menu is used in the table. To update the table of contents in the context menu, the "Update Field / Update Field" command is used. Word uses "References / Table of Contents" commands.

For conservation A document created in the text processor is necessary on the Pictographic menu panel to press the button with the image of the diskette or use the File / Save menu. The "File / Save How" command allows you to save the file under the new name.in Word, and the button " Office./Save" or "Office./Save"And"Office./Save as" inOpenOffice.. org. Writer..

Authors and developers text Data Processing Software Do not stand still, periodically creating new improved versions of their products. In particular, users are already available.Microsoft Office Word. 2010, in which there is an interface in the form of "Ribbons", however, added images on image processing and improving text effects (for example - glow, reflection, shadow).

There are also other text editors, for example:Starwriter, Bred, Crypt Edit, KeyNote, Squall Pro, TextViewer, WinVi . They, as a rule, occupy a smaller disk memory and are distributed most often for free, but have a smaller set of functions (for example, editing images), but their capabilities are quite sufficient to dial and edit small text data.

The use of computers has radically changed the letter technology, publishing. The desire to simplify work with different texts led to the creation of applied software focused on solving these tasks. There are two main groups of text document preparation programs: text editors and text processors.

Text editors call programs creating text files without formatting items. Editors of this kind are indispensable when creating texts of computer programs, they are understandable and easy to use. All variety of modern text editors can be conditionally divided into three main groups:

The first includes the simplest text editors who have a minimum features and capable of working with documents in the usual text format.txt, which, as you know, with all its simplicity and universal support, it does not allow more or less decently to format text. This group of editors can be attributed to the included WordPad editors and a very low-functional NotePad (notepad), and a lot of similar products from other manufacturers (Atlantis, Editpad, Aditor Pro, Gedit, etc.).

The intermediate class of text editors includes quite wide opportunities in terms of document design. They work with all standard text files (TXT, RTF, DOC). Such programs can include Microsoft Works, Lexicon.

The third group includes powerful text processors such as Microsoft Word or StarOffice Writer. They perform almost all operations with text. Most users use these editors in everyday life.

The main possibilities of text processors include the following operations that make up the basis of the technology of working with texts:

creating a document;

editing a document (move via text; insert and replacing characters; delete, moving, copying, searching and replacing text fragments; cancellation of commands; exchange fragments between different documents);

saving documents in external memory (on disks) and reading from external memory into operational;

formatting documents, i.e. performing transformations that change the appearance of the document (design of individual characters, paragraphs, document pages as a whole - change the length of the string, a rigid distance, text alignment, a change in the type and size of the font and so on.);

printing documents;

automatic preparation of tables and pointers in the document;

creating and formatting tables;

introduction into the document drawings, formulas, etc.;

verification of punctuation and spelling.

A modern object-oriented approach allows you to implement the mechanisms of embedding and implementing objects - Ole-Technologies (Object Linking and Embedding). This technology allows you to copy and insert objects from one application to another. For example, in the text document created in the MS Word application, you can embed images, animation, sound and even video phrases and thus from a regular document to get a multimedia document.

Editorial publishing systems. This class of programs is designed for set, design and full preparation for the printing publication of books and magazines. Examples of such systems can serve: Microsoft Publisher, Corel Ventura, Adobe Pagemaker, Quark Xpress. Publishing systems are indispensable for computer layouts and graphics, much easier to work with multi-page documents, since it is possible to automatically break the text on pages, alignment of page numbers, creating headlines, etc. Creating layouts of any editions of such systems is much facilitiated.

Screen suneiform Work window Stylus 3.0 after the source call text File: 1 - program header; 2 - menu line; 3 - Pictogram palette "Basic"; 4 - Pictogram palette "Formatting"; 5 - Pictogram Pictogram "Translation"; 6 - Pictogram palette "Service"; 7 - title of the source file window; 8 - work window of the source file; 9 - Information Panel

Application programs are designed to perform certain functional tasks of computer publishing systems (for example, for text processing, mathematical, structural chemical formulas, tank products, tables, vector and raster graphics, maktings and layouts of publications), as well as to perform a number of service tasks.

Entering information from paper to computer is currently frequently performed task. Until recently, this task was solved exclusively by encoding a computer keyboard. Most of the documents to be processed are presented in the originals on paper. Therefore, computer systems that include scanning programs and optical recognition of documents are an integral part of any system automation system. The recognition task is to convert the input (scanned) image to text from moving characters. In other words, the graphic image of each input symbol is replaced with the designation of this symbol used in the computer (i.e. code, a clear computer system).

Intellectual systemoptical character recognition (OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION, OCR) CUNEIFORM functions in medium Microsoft Windows. 3.1 or later. Context-dependent Cuneiform reference system supported standard system Windows help. The system has the following technological capabilities:

supports a wide range of desktop scanners;

recognizes the scanned page (including multicolone text and text with complex design);

allows you to scan and record the image as TIFF, and the recognition is run later (it is convenient to scan the packing of documents);

has a range of features on recording files, allowing you to scan a series of pages, and the program will carry out an auto record, assigning sequential names to images (Pagen, etc.);

separates text from graphics and converts it from a graphic image to a text file for one of the text processors, databases or spreadsheets;

it has the function "Determine the recognition area", which allows selective recognition in the selected parts of the page;

recognizes the letters of Russian and English alphabets, excluding stylized fonts of the type of gothic letters;

recognizes all the widespread fonts (including bold and body-inspection, as well as underlined font), which can be mixed inside the page, even inside the paragraph or word;

can handle documents printed tyographs, on LQ and NLQ matrix printers, inkjet, laser printers, on a circuit breeder (monosine, and proportional printing);

can maintain initial formatting and tabs and adjust indents and alignment;

it has an internal text editor and vocabulary with which you can control the quality of recognition and edit text. To do this, the built-in editor window shows recognized text with the allocation of dubious characters and words that are missing in the dictionary. In the extension window, you can see an enlarged image of the scanned text, which allows you to edit without looking into the original document;

does not recognize handwritten text.

The Seiform screen contains four main parts marked in the picture.

Basic actions (procedures) when working in the system are the following:

Panel button	Function performed
Scanning and recognition	The "Scan and Recognition" button will be useful if there is confidence that the design of the document simply simply and does not complicate the recognition of the text (for more complex fragmentation it is useful to "scan and show"). When you press the button in the quick access panel (or call a command, the Action \\ Scan and Recognition) appears a window message that comes to know what scanning occurs. Next, the "Progress indicator" field shows the current phase of character recognition, as well as the total fraction of the recognition of the recognition in percent. Pressing the button is equivalent to executing the commands to "scan and show" and then "recognition".
Open image	Allows you to upload an image from an existing graphic file (button or command file \\ Open an image). In the window that appears, select the name directory and file names.
Scan and show	Allows you to scan the document and view it (using the button or the Action \\ Scan and Show), without launching symbolic recognition. Scanning will immediately begin, and the scanned image window will appear on the right side of the screen.
Recognition	Used in case of startup (button or command Action \\ Recognition) of character recognition after performing the action "Scan and see" or after downloading the file.
Brightness	Allows you to set the optimal brightness level for scanning a document (by a button or command actions \\ brightness). Cuneiform offers 256 brightness grades (0-255). By default, its value is 127. If many errors occur in recognition due to the fact that the scanned image is too light, you need to install a smaller brightness and retertain the document. If the image is too dark, you need to install a large brightness. The brightness level can be changed as follows: a) moving to the right and left slider on the scale; b) Exposing the value of brightness automatically. To do this, press the "Automatically" button in the "Brightness Setup" field. A small dialog box appears, offering: "Select the left mouse button to select the brightness or click Cancel." When moving the cursor in the image, it will take the shape of a light bulb with a crossbar nearby. Next, you need to bring the crosshair to that part of the image that it has an average density of characters or darkening, and then press the mouse button. The automatic brightness function examines the area around the selected point operator in order to determine the overall brightness setting. Next will be proposed if you want to retell the page using a new brightness value. If you choose "Yes", the document will be retended. This should improve accuracy when re-start recognition. You can also call the Brightness Setup window by selecting the "Brightness" item in the "Action" menu. Regardless of where it is installed, the current brightness level is always displayed in the left end of the status line from the bottom of the screen.
Previous image	The action is performed by pressing the button or the file command \\ Restore the previous image to return the last image that was on the screen in this session.
Page gluing	Used if there is a need to scan with a manual scanner (in which the capture window is less than the page size) Full sheet. By pressing the button or command, the Action \\ page gluing is called the process of processing the right or upper parts of the page in accordance with the selected gluing method. First, a TWAIN-dialog was called with a scanner and the corresponding part of the page is scanned, and then the recognition process starts. The entire chain of action is automatically repeated for the next part of the page. The next step is the gluing of these two recognized parts into a single text.

Status string It may include the following main elements installed inside the main menu: (see Figure).

The extension window is designed to display a part of the scanned image with a larger increase. This window appears on the screen when there is a need for a more thorough view of the fragment. The window is called in the View \\ Extension menu. The increase in the extension window is controlled by the selection of the menu View \\ one to one, 200% or 400% increase. The place in which the expansion window appears on the screen depends on what actions it originated:

if it is called at the location of the cursor after using "Scan and Show" or after opening a file, it will arise in the left side of the screen;

if it appears with the "Editor" window after recognition, its position depends on the screen selection selected from the window "Window" menu;

the extension window can be moved across the screen by moving it in mode. Drag And. Drop.

Window manual fragmentation Use when the recognizable document has a complex structure consisting of more than one text column and / or graphics.

IN as usual mode After the Cuneiform scan automatically fragments and folds the image to blocks, which are considered associated, meaningful pieces of text and are surrounded by a dotted line when displaying in "fragmentation" mode. However, the text block is simply a set of characters and is not always the finished semantic fragment.

Due to the fact that the program basizates its separation at intervals, and does not analyze the contextual information, it cannot ideally assess which text is associated. The "Manual Fragmentation" window provides several ways to further create blocks when automatic fragmentation inaccurate.

The "Fragmentation" mode exists just to correct errors made in the process of automatic fragmentation before recognition. In the case under consideration, select the Options menu \\ fragmentation. At the same time, the word "fragm." Appears on the right in the status line. The Manual Fragmentation window will appear later after scanning a document or call it from a graphic file.

In addition to automatically marked blocks, the window includes a button column built along its left side:

Button	Function performed
Perform	Provides the transition to recognition after the necessary actions for fragmentation
Return repetition	Allow you to return one step and remake the last action done
Text	Allows you to select a block containing, for example, all parts of the table so that they merge into one fragment. To do this, after pressing the button, you need to designate a rectangle around the selected area with the cursor. As a result, a new unit is created, which is considered when recognized as one
Goriz. Vert.	Allowed to designate additional fragmentation horizontally or vertical. To do this, sufficiently after selecting the button to place the cursor in the desired place and in the DRAG mode designate the fragmentation boundary respectively horizontally or vertically
Glue	Allows you to "glue" fragments created using the "Goriz" buttons And "vert.". To do this, it is enough to mark the cursor bondable fragments and select the "glue" button
Delete	Allows you to remove the text fragments from the recognition process using the button
Increases	Allows you to increase the text fragment in the Manual Fragmentation window. For this, sufficiently after selecting the button to lock the cursor in the desired place of the text and click the mouse button.
Did not hurt.	Allows you to return an enlarged text fragment in the initial state. To do this, sufficiently after selecting the button to lock the cursor in the selected location and click the left mouse button.
Picture	Allows you to create a new picture
Help	Allows you to call screen reference information on using manual fragmentation control buttons

Additional features to correct erroneous separation into blocks In the window "Manual fragmentation":

horizontal separation;

vertical separation;

picking.

Let in the document there are two columns of the text, but the Cuneiform of this "does not see". On the contrary, it drains two columns in one block. Since further it can lead to problems in recognition, it is necessary to divide the columns on the blocks:

press "vert." in the left part of the "Fragmentation" window;

put the cursor where it is planned to start separation;

when the mouse key is pressed and holding the cursor key, where the separation should end;

release the button.

Cuneiform will divide the block vertically into two text fragments (the "split horizontal" function produces the same actions on the text that should be divided horizontally).

In some cases, Cuneiform can automatically divide the fusion piece of text into fragments. To straighten this partition, you must click on the cursor to each of the fragments and click the "Slice" button. Two fragments will be combined into one block.

In the Editor window, there is a simple menu of five buttons: "Exit", "save as ...", "attach to ...", "Trail. Dubious "and" Add Word ". With their help, when using the editing window, it is convenient to perform a number of procedures.

The "Editor" window contains the result of recognition. After recognition, the edit window covers the image in the image window. The text selected by the user in the edit window is synchronized with the image in the expansion window. When moving the cursor in the edit window, the image in the extension window is shifted according to a new cursor position, and the selected symbol is highlighted

Errors made in the process of recognition can be edited in one of the text processors subsequently or using the "Editor" menu and the edit window buttons. In the latter case, using the View \\ Settings menu, you can choose the size of the characters displayed on the screen for ease of editing.

To perform editing there is a number of additional amenities:

the ability to perform an automated spell check after selecting the Options menu \\ Vocabulary control (with the so-called dubious, i.e. missing words in the dictionary are highlighted on the screen);

fast Move with Word Control using the "Track. doubt. " to the next absent in the dictionary of the Word;

the ability to open and use the user's dictionary imported in the File menu \\ Dynamic Dictionary \\ Download ... or Import ...;

the ability to add to the dictionary of the user-launched when checking, but the correct word by pressing the "Add Word" button;

the ability to export a user dictionary in the File menu \\ Dynamic dictionary \\ unload ... or export ... after use or replenishment.

Menu, team	Performed action
FILE
Open image	read the image from the following format file: TIFF 5.0, PCX, BMP, GIF, TARGA, JPEG
Restore before. form	get scanned and stored in memory Image for choice new region Recognition (if necessary)
Remember image	write an image in TIFF 5.0 format
Open Ed file	open file with previously recognized text
Remember to text	write recognized text in a specific format files, such as ASCII, Smart ASCII, RTF, ANSI, Smart Ansi
Glue with text	add Recognized Text to the end of an existing text file
Choose from twain list	select scanner for use under the TWAIN interface
Get Twain Image	use access to the image through twain
Dynamic Dictionary	use the user's dictionary
Recognizing Module	download / Unload Recognizing Module
Output	exit Cuneiform
EDITOR
Track. doubtful	go to the next dubbing word
Previous doubtful	go to the previous dubious word
Mark dubious words	on off. Doubtful word highlighting mode
Search	search for characters lines in recognized text
Search mark	repeat search
Add Word	legalize the word and make it in the list
Cancel addition	make the word dubious and remove it from the list

There is also the ability to use the edit window of the editing window on using the control panel from above: output, save as ..., attach to ..., next. doubt. and add word /

Suneiform program command menu

Intuitia 2.0 for Windows uses Omnifont technology (recognizes various fonts without any learning). It provides recognition of text materials from files in TIFF, PCX, BMP formats, as well as from all scanners that support TWAIN protocol, as well as from the scanners of the HP SCANJET family (directly).

Illustrations are excluded from the recognition process automatically and can be saved in files or placed in other applications.

The program uses a built-in spelling and correction of the recognizable text. It distinguishes and retains the characteristic features of the font design of the text: the size of the fonts, their drawing.

Results can be saved in TXT, RTF format files, as well as directly redirected to other Microsof Windows applications (for example, in Microsoft NotePad text processors, Microsoft Write, Microsoft Word or to Microsoft Excel spreadsheet).

Input and recognition system of manuscript texts Peno "MAN for Windows - Handwriting tool, recognition and editing texts with pen:

it is possible to enter and edit both English and Russian psyche written text in all Windows applications;

the input process is similar to the usual use of the handle with a letter from left to right, preferably a neat handwriting and a classic left slope;

the editing of the already entered text is possible as a result of using standard functions (insert, deleting, transferring, activating text fragments, etc.), as well as simple feather strokes.

Maintenance technological characteristics Systems:

The required panel (if there are no default on the screen) are displayed on the View \\ Toolbar menu.

After completing the translation, the window is automatically divided into two parts for simultaneous visualization on the source file and translation screen. Programs typically provide for two modes of partitioning of the working window of the text file into parts: horizontally and vertically.

Usually those considered in this section of the program allow not only to translate into another language, but, if necessary, edit the source text and translation, namely:

enter a new text;

make corrections to the text;

work with text blocks (highlight individual fragments, delete them and change location).

Setting the main parameters Provides a significant list of installations performed, for example, in the Service menu \\ Parameters:

Information panel Includes three tabs:

used dictionaries - to display the list of dictionaries used for the selected translation direction;

unfamiliar word - to display a list of unfamiliar words when processing the source file;

reserved words - to display a list of words whose translation is not required.

Preparation of a document for translation Usually includes the following actions intended to increase the reliability of the translation:

spell check (for example, for STYLUS 3.0 program in the service \\ parameters \\ spelling menu);

checking the correct breakdown in paragraphs. For example, in the Stylus 3.0 program, it is possible to visual verification of the correctness of the text breakdown to paragraphs (in fact, checking for the absence of extra, empty paragraphs in the text). To do this, you need to mark the "Use conditional badges" to mark the "Use conditional icons" menu.

In this case, the sedition icon in the form of an unlucky triangle, installed by the program to the left of each paragraph, fixes the breakdown on paragraphs;

Menu, team	Performed action
ACT
Batch scan	scan a series of pages. In the window that appears, there are five main fields: the titles, memorization of the page, create a document with the number of pages, change, output format. It is possible to combine their values \u200b\u200bdifferently depending on whether the scanner has an automatic feeder (Feeder), whether to start recognition before recording, control the recognition region, etc.
Batch recognition	enable page series recognition. Features of the fields, change and results are identical to the corresponding functions in batch scanning
Scanning and recognition	use scanning and automatic recognition of the document - usually if the design of the document simply simply and does not complicate the recognition of the text (for more complex fragmentation, the scanning and display operation) is very useful)
Scanning and showing	scan the document and view it without launching the symbol recognition. The scanned image will appear on the right side of the screen.
Select language	choose one of the possible languages: Russian (Russian-English regime is possible), English, German and French
Page gluing	enable the use mode of the manual scanner with the capture window smaller than the page size. This causes the process of processing the right or upper parts of the page in accordance with the choice of a gluing method.
Recognize	run symbolic recognition after executing the scanning and display mode or after downloading the image file
Recognition area	run the recognition mode of any part of the image. The area around the necessary part of the image is indicated by the mouse.
Turn	rotate the image that appears on the screen after scanning or downloading a file, 90 ° to the left (right) or 180 °
Select scanner	choose scanner type
Resolution	select a resolution of 200, 300 or 400 dpi (DPI)
Brightness	set the optimal level of brightness to scan document. Cuneiform offers 256 brightness gradations (0-255). By default, its value is 127
Options
Fragmentation	select fragments in the case when the document intended for scanning has a clearly complex design and consists of more than one column with text and / or graphics.
One column	configure Cuneiform for processing all scanned image characters as one text column
Vocabulary	enable the mode in which Cuneiform will highlight the dubious words with which you need to deal after the document recognition
Adaptive scanning	use all Cuneiform tools to get the best possible image.
Matrix printer	select mode to CUNEIFORM recognized documents printed on a matrix printer
Page orientation	select one of four possible orientations: normal page, page, turned left, inverted page and page turned to the right. If the selected orientation differs from the usual, Cuneiform rotates all open or scanned images. Current orientation is displayed by an icon in the left end of the status string.
Method of gluing	choose before using the page gluing command, one of the ways of gluing the page: vertical or horizontal. When first first, the left half of the page will be processed, and then the right. In the second case - the top, and then the bottom of the page
Illustrations	set illustration conservation mode with the text, as it was in the source document using the RTF format and stipulate one of the following types of illustrations: black and white, halftone, color
VIEW
View page · In the window size · one to one · 200% · 400%	enable / disable window image set "In the window size" for the image window Set mode without enlargement for image window Set an increase in 2 times for window window Set an increase 4 times for image window
Expansion · one to one · 200% · 400%	enable / Disable OKO Extensions set mode without enlargement for expansion window Set an increase 2 times for expansion window Set an increase 4 times for expansion window
Settings Editor	set the size of the letters and representing poorly recognized characters in the edit window
WINDOW
Horizontal division	split the screen horizontally, so the edit window takes up the top of the screen, and the extension window is lower
Vertical division